The Arctic freshwater system : changes and impacts
The Arctic freshwater system : changes and impacts
Date
2007-11-20
Authors
White, Daniel
Hinzman, Larry
Alessa, Lilian
Cassano, John
Chambers, Molly
Falkner, Kelly
Francis, Jennifer
Gutowski, William J.
Holland, Marika M.
Holmes, Robert M.
Huntington, Henry
Kane, Douglas
Kliskey, Andrew
Lee, Craig M.
McClelland, James W.
Peterson, Bruce J.
Rupp, T. Scott
Straneo, Fiamma
Steele, Michael
Woodgate, Rebecca
Yang, Daqing
Yoshikawa, Kenji
Zhang, Tingjun
Hinzman, Larry
Alessa, Lilian
Cassano, John
Chambers, Molly
Falkner, Kelly
Francis, Jennifer
Gutowski, William J.
Holland, Marika M.
Holmes, Robert M.
Huntington, Henry
Kane, Douglas
Kliskey, Andrew
Lee, Craig M.
McClelland, James W.
Peterson, Bruce J.
Rupp, T. Scott
Straneo, Fiamma
Steele, Michael
Woodgate, Rebecca
Yang, Daqing
Yoshikawa, Kenji
Zhang, Tingjun
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DOI
10.1029/2006JG000353
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Keywords
Arctic
Freshwater
System
Changes
Impacts
Freshwater
System
Changes
Impacts
Abstract
Dramatic changes have been observed in the Arctic over the last century. Many of these involve the storage and cycling of fresh water. On land, precipitation and river discharge, lake abundance and size, glacier area and volume, soil moisture, and a variety of permafrost characteristics have changed. In the ocean, sea ice thickness and areal coverage have decreased and water mass circulation patterns have shifted, changing freshwater pathways and sea ice cover dynamics. Precipitation onto the ocean surface has also changed. Such changes are expected to continue, and perhaps accelerate, in the coming century, enhanced by complex feedbacks between the oceanic, atmospheric, and terrestrial freshwater systems. Change to the arctic freshwater system heralds changes for our global physical and ecological environment as well as human activities in the Arctic. In this paper we review observed changes in the arctic freshwater system over the last century in terrestrial, atmospheric, and oceanic systems.
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Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 112 (2007): G04S54, doi:10.1029/2006JG000353.
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Journal of Geophysical Research 112 (2007): G04S54