Comparison of atmospheric mercury speciation and deposition at nine sites across central and eastern North America
Comparison of atmospheric mercury speciation and deposition at nine sites across central and eastern North America
Date
2010-09-22
Authors
Engle, Mark A.
Tate, Michael T.
Krabbenhoft, David P.
Schauer, James J.
Kolker, Allan
Shanley, James B.
Bothner, Michael H.
Tate, Michael T.
Krabbenhoft, David P.
Schauer, James J.
Kolker, Allan
Shanley, James B.
Bothner, Michael H.
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DOI
10.1029/2010JD014064
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Keywords
Atmospheric mercury
Wet deposition
Dry deposition
Diel patterns
Wet deposition
Dry deposition
Diel patterns
Abstract
This study presents >5 cumulative years of tropospheric mercury (Hg) speciation measurements, over the period of 2003–2009, for eight sites in the central and eastern United States and one site in coastal Puerto Rico. The purpose of this research was to identify local and regional processes that impact Hg speciation and deposition (wet + dry) across a large swath of North America. Sites sampled were selected to represent both a wide range of mercury exposure and environmental conditions. Seasonal mean concentrations of elemental Hg (1.27 ± 0.31 to 2.94 ± 1.57 ng m−3; inline equation ± σ), reactive gaseous mercury (RGM; 1.5 ± 1.6 to 63.3 ± 529 pg m−3), and fine particulate Hg (1.2 ± 1.4 to 37.9 ± 492 pg m−3) were greatest at sites impacted by Hg point sources. Diel bin plots of Hgo and RGM suggest control by a variety of local/regional processes including impacts from Hg point sources and boundary layer/free tropospheric interactions as well as from larger-scale processes affecting Hg speciation (i.e., input of the global Hg pool, RGM formed from oxidation of Hgo by photochemical compounds at coastal sites, and elemental Hg depletion during periods of dew formation). Comparison of wet Hg deposition (measured), RGM and fine particulate Hg dry deposition (calculated using a multiple resistance model), and anthropogenic point source emissions varied significantly between sites. Significant correlation between emission sources and dry deposition was observed but was highly dependant upon inclusion of data from two sites with exceptionally high deposition. Findings from this study highlight the importance of environmental setting on atmospheric Hg cycling and deposition rates.
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Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2010. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 115 (2010): D18306, doi:10.1029/2010JD014064.
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Journal of Geophysical Research 115 (2010): D18306