Expanding Tara oceans protocols for underway, ecosystemic sampling of the ocean-atmosphere interface during Tara Pacific expedition (2016-2018)

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Date
2019-12-11
Authors
Gorsky, Gabriel
Bourdin, Guillaume
Lombard, Fabien
Pedrotti, Maria Luiza
Audrain, Samuel
Bin, Nicolas
Boss, Emmanuel S.
Bowler, Chris
Cassar, Nicolas
Caudan, Loic
Chabot, Genevieve
Cohen, Natalie R.
Cron, Daniel
De Vargas, Colomban
Dolan, John R.
Douville, Eric
Elineau, Amanda
Flores, J. Michel
Ghiglione, Jean-Francois
Haëntjens, Nils
Hertau, Martin
John, Seth G.
Kelly, Rachel L.
Koren, Ilan
Lin, Yajuan
Marie, Dominique
Moulin, Clémentine
Moucherie, Yohann
Pesant, Stephane
Picheral, Marc
Poulain, Julie
Pujo-Pay, Mireille
Reverdin, Gilles
Romac, Sarah
Sullivan, Mathew B.
Trainic, Miri
Tressol, Marc
Troublé, Romain
Vardi, Assaf
Voolstra, Christian R.
Wincker, Patrick
Agostini, Sylvain
Banaigs, Bernard
Boissin, Emilie
Forcioli, Didier
Furla, Paola
Galand, Pierre E.
Gilson, Eric
Reynaud, Stephanie
Sunagawa, Shinichi
Thomas, Olivier P.
Vega Thurber, Rebecca
Zoccola, Didier
Planes, Serge
Allemand, Denis
Karsenti, Eric
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DOI
10.3389/fmars.2019.00750
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Keywords
Neuston/plankton genomics/taxonomy/imaging
Aerosols
NCP
IOP
Trace metals
Microplastic
Abstract
Interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere occur at the air-sea interface through the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particulate matter, and through the impact of the upper-ocean biology on the composition and radiative properties of this boundary layer. The Tara Pacific expedition, launched in May 2016 aboard the schooner Tara, was a 29-month exploration with the dual goals to study the ecology of reef ecosystems along ecological gradients in the Pacific Ocean and to assess inter-island and open ocean surface plankton and neuston community structures. In addition, key atmospheric properties were measured to study links between the two boundary layer properties. A major challenge for the open ocean sampling was the lack of ship-time available for work at “stations”. The time constraint led us to develop new underway sampling approaches to optimize physical, chemical, optical, and genomic methods to capture the entire community structure of the surface layers, from viruses to metazoans in their oceanographic and atmospheric physicochemical context. An international scientific consortium was put together to analyze the samples, generate data, and develop datasets in coherence with the existing Tara Oceans database. Beyond adapting the extensive Tara Oceans sampling protocols for high-resolution underway sampling, the key novelties compared to Tara Oceans’ global assessment of plankton include the measurement of (i) surface plankton and neuston biogeography and functional diversity; (ii) bioactive trace metals distribution at the ocean surface and metal-dependent ecosystem structures; (iii) marine aerosols, including biological entities; (iv) geography, nature and colonization of microplastic; and (v) high-resolution underway assessment of net community production via equilibrator inlet mass spectrometry. We are committed to share the data collected during this expedition, making it an important resource important resource to address a variety of scientific questions.
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© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Gorsky, G., Bourdin, G., Lombard, F., Pedrotti, M. L., Audrain, S., Bin, N., Boss, E., Bowler, C., Cassar, N., Caudan, L., Chabot, G., Cohen, N. R., Cron, D., De Vargas, C., Dolan, J. R., Douville, E., Elineau, A., Flores, J. M., Ghiglione, J. F., Haentjens, N., Hertau, M., John, S. G., Kelly, R. L., Koren, I., Lin, Y., Marie, D., Moulin, C., Moucherie, Y., Pesant, S., Picheral, M., Poulain, J., Pujo-Pay, M., Reverdin, G., Romac, S., Sullivan, M. B., Trainic, M., Tressol, M., Trouble, R., Vardi, A., Voolstra, C. R., Wincker, P., Agostini, S., Banaigs, B., Boissin, E., Forcioli, D., Furla, P., Galand, P. E., Gilson, E., Reynaud, S., Sunagawa, S., Thomas, O. P., Thurber, R. L. V., Zoccola, D., Planes, S., Allemand, D., Karsenti, E. Expanding Tara oceans protocols for underway, ecosystemic sampling of the ocean-atmosphere interface during Tara Pacific expedition (2016-2018). Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, (2019): 750, doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00750.
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Gorsky, G., Bourdin, G., Lombard, F., Pedrotti, M. L., Audrain, S., Bin, N., Boss, E., Bowler, C., Cassar, N., Caudan, L., Chabot, G., Cohen, N. R., Cron, D., De Vargas, C., Dolan, J. R., Douville, E., Elineau, A., Flores, J. M., Ghiglione, J. F., Haentjens, N., Hertau, M., John, S. G., Kelly, R. L., Koren, I., Lin, Y., Marie, D., Moulin, C., Moucherie, Y., Pesant, S., Picheral, M., Poulain, J., Pujo-Pay, M., Reverdin, G., Romac, S., Sullivan, M. B., Trainic, M., Tressol, M., Trouble, R., Vardi, A., Voolstra, C. R., Wincker, P., Agostini, S., Banaigs, B., Boissin, E., Forcioli, D., Furla, P., Galand, P. E., Gilson, E., Reynaud, S., Sunagawa, S., Thomas, O. P., Thurber, R. L. V., Zoccola, D., Planes, S., Allemand, D., Karsenti, E. (2019). Expanding Tara oceans protocols for underway, ecosystemic sampling of the ocean-atmosphere interface during Tara Pacific expedition (2016-2018). Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 750.
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