Laudet Vincent

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Laudet
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Vincent
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  • Preprint
    NR3E receptors in cnidarians : a new family of steroid receptor relatives extends the possible mechanisms for ligand binding
    ( 2018-06) Khalturin, Konstantin ; Billas, Isabelle M. L. ; Chebaro, Yassmine ; Reitzel, Adam M. ; Tarrant, Ann M. ; Laudet, Vincent ; Markov, Gabriel V.
    Steroid hormone receptors are important regulators of development and physiology in bilaterian animals, but the role of steroid signaling in cnidarians has been contentious. Cnidarians produce steroids, including A-ring aromatic steroids with a side-chain, but these are probably made through pathways different than the one used by vertebrates to make their A-ring aromatic steroids. Here we present comparative genomic analyses indicating the presence of a previously undescribed nuclear receptor family within medusozoan cnidarians, that we propose to call NR3E. This family predates the diversification of ERR/ER/SR in bilaterians, indicating that the first NR3 evolved in the common ancestor of the placozoan and cnidarian-bilaterian with lineage-specific loss in the anthozoans, even though multiple species in this lineage have been shown to produce aromatic steroids, whose function remain unclear. We discovered serendipitously that a cytoplasmic factor within epidermal cells of transgenic Hydra vulgaris can trigger the nuclear translocation of heterologously expressed human ERα. This led us to hypothesize that aromatic steroids may also be present in the medusozoan cnidarian lineage, which includes Hydra, and may explain the translocation of human ERα. Docking experiments with paraestrol A, a cnidarian A-ring aromatic steroid, into the ligand-binding pocket of Hydra NR3E indicates that, if an aromatic steroid is indeed the true ligand, which remains to be demonstrated, it would bind to the pocket through a partially distinct mechanism from the manner in which estradiol binds to vertebrate ER.
  • Article
    Genome sequence of the metazoan plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita
    (Nature Publishing Group, 2008-07-27) Abad, Pierre ; Gouzy, Jerome ; Aury, Jean-Marc ; Castagnone-Sereno, Philippe ; Danchin, Etienne G. J. ; Deleury, Emeline ; Perfus-Barbeoch, Laetitia ; Anthouard, Veronique ; Artiguenave, Francois ; Blok, Vivian C. ; Caillaud, Marie-Cecile ; Coutinho, Pedro M. ; Da Silva, Corinne ; De Luca, Francesca ; Deau, Florence ; Esquibet, Magali ; Flutre, Timothe ; Goldstone, Jared V. ; Hamamouch, Noureddine ; Hewezi, Tarek ; Jaillon, Olivier ; Jubin, Claire ; Leonetti, Paola ; Magliano, Marc ; Maier, Tom R. ; Markov, Gabriel V. ; McVeigh, Paul ; Pesole, Graziano ; Poulain, Julie ; Robinson-Rechavi, Marc ; Sallet, Erika ; Segurens, Beatrice ; Steinbach, Delphine ; Tytgat, Tom ; Ugarte, Edgardo ; van Ghelder, Cyril ; Veronico, Pasqua ; Baum, Thomas J. ; Blaxter, Mark ; Bleve-Zacheo, Teresa ; Davis, Eric L ; Ewbank, Jonathan J. ; Favery, Bruno ; Grenier, Eric ; Henrissat, Bernard ; Jones, John T. ; Laudet, Vincent ; Maule, Aaron G. ; Quesneville, Hadi ; Rosso, Marie-Noelle ; Schiex, Thomas ; Smant, Geert ; Weissenbach, Jean ; Wincker, Patrick
    Plant-parasitic nematodes are major agricultural pests worldwide and novel approaches to control them are sorely needed. We report the draft genome sequence of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, a biotrophic parasite of many crops, including tomato, cotton and coffee. Most of the assembled sequence of this asexually reproducing nematode, totaling 86 Mb, exists in pairs of homologous but divergent segments. This suggests that ancient allelic regions in M. incognita are evolving toward effective haploidy, permitting new mechanisms of adaptation. The number and diversity of plant cell wall–degrading enzymes in M. incognita is unprecedented in any animal for which a genome sequence is available, and may derive from multiple horizontal gene transfers from bacterial sources. Our results provide insights into the adaptations required by metazoans to successfully parasitize immunocompetent plants, and open the way for discovering new antiparasitic strategies.