Schell Jeffrey M.

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Schell
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Jeffrey M.
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  • Technical Report
    Cruise Report C-200 : Scientific data collected aboard SSV Corwith Cramer, Woods Hole, MA – Sable Island, Canada – Halifax, Nova Scotia – Woods Hole, MA, 6 July, 2005 – 2 August, 2005
    (SEA Education Association, 2005-08) Schell, Jeffrey M.
    This cruise report provides a record of data collected during C200 aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer from Woods Hole, MA, USA to Sable Island, Canada, continuing on to Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada and returning to Woods Hole (Figure 1). We collected samples or data with 98 individual deployments from 37 discrete stations (Table 2) along our cruise track. In addition we continuously sampled water depth, sub-bottom profiles and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiles (ADCP) along with flow-through sea surface temperature, salinity and in vivo fluorescence. This report summarizes physical, chemical and biological characteristics at the sea surface (Table 3, Figure 2) and at depth (Tables 4 and 5, Figure 3a) along our cruise track. A complete oceanographic survey of two submarine canyons (Hydrographer’s canyon south of Georges bank and The Gully, east of Sable Island) were completed. Bathymetry and surface currents for each seamount are available on request. Temperature, salinity and fluorescence profiles are presented (Figures 3b and 3c). Large scale hydrography is summarized by contour plots of temperature, salinity and fluorescence (Figure 4); whereas large scale current patterns are summarized by contour plots of current direction, magnitude and echo amplitude (Figure 5). In addition, the distribution and density of zooplankton at the sea surface (Table 6) and at depth (Figures 7 and 8) are presented. Sediment samples were sieved and grain size percentage of each fraction was determined (Figure 9). Additional CTD, bathymetry (CHIRP), current (ADCP) and biological data are not reported here but are available on request through Sea Education Association (SEA) and the Chief Scientist. The information in this report is not intended to represent final interpretation of the data and should not be excerpted or cited without written permission from SEA. Unpublished data can be made available by arrangement with the SEA archivist by contacting: Erik R. Zettler, Science Coordinator Sea Education Association, P.O. Box 6, Woods Hole, MA 02543, U.S.A. 508-540-3954 x29 fax 508-457-4673 email: ezettler@sea.edu website: www.sea.edu As part of SEA’s educational program, undergraduates conducted student-designed oceanographic research during the cruise. Project topics included physical, chemical, biological and geological oceanography (Table 10). Student research efforts culminated in a written report and public presentation to the ship’s company. These papers are available on request from SEA.
  • Technical Report
    Cruise Report S-207 : Scientific data collected aboard SSV Robert C. Seamans, San Diego, California – La Paz, Baja California Sur – Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. 12 October – 20 November, 2006
    (SEA Education Association, 2006-11) Schell, Jeffrey M.
    This cruise report provides a record of data collected during S207 aboard the SSV Robert C. Seamans from San Diego, California to Puerto Vallarta, Mexico (Figure 1) with a stop at La Paz on the southeastern shore of Baja California Sur. We collected samples or data with 170 individual deployments from 91 discrete stations (Table 2) along our cruise track. In addition we continuously sampled water depth, sub-bottom profiles and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiles (ADCP) along with flow-through sea surface temperature, salinity and in vivo fluorescence. This report summarizes physical, chemical and biological characteristics along our cruise track and around surveyed seamounts and islands. The S207 cruise track traversed several oceanic regions that can be distinguished by their sea surface temperature, salinity, density and fluorescence values (Figures 2a-b). Sub-surface water masses and their chemical properties were also surveyed using a CTD and 12 bottle carousel (Tables 4 and 5). Large scale hydrography are summarized by contour plots of temperature, salinity and sound velocity along our cruise track (Figure 3) and for specific transects across key oceanic features (Figures 4a-e) and around surveyed seamounts and islands (Figures 5a-c). Large scale current patterns are summarized by contour plots of current direction, magnitude and echo amplitude (Figure 6). The distribution of neuston net, meter net, and Tucker trawl stations and corresponding zooplankton density and numbers of select nekton species are presented (Tables 6-8). Location and relevant station depths for sediment samples are shown in Table 9. Secchi depth at various locations is also provided (Table 10). A complete oceanographic survey of Jasper seamount, Cerralvo seamount and the coastal waters of Isla Guadalupe were completed. Additional CTD, CHIRP, ADCP and biological data not reported here are available on request through Sea Education Association (SEA) and the Chief Scientist. The information in this report is not intended to represent final interpretation of the data and should not be excerpted or cited without written permission from SEA. In addition, vertical and horizontal distribution patterns of myctophids (lantern fish), and the marine insect Halobates were studied in relation to environmental characteristics. Results, not reported here, are available upon request through SEA. As part of SEA’s educational program, undergraduates conducted independent oceanographic research during the cruise. Project explored regionally, relevant topics in the disciplines of physical, chemical, biological and geological oceanography (Table 11). Student research efforts culminated in a written report and public presentation to the ship’s company. These papers are available on request from SEA.
  • Technical Report
    Cruise Report S-206 : Scientific data collected aboard SSV Robert C. Seamans, Seattle, WA – Victoria, British Columbia – Skung Gwaii, Anthony Island – Tahsis, British Columbia – San Francisco, CA. 7 July – 2 August, 2006
    (SEA Education Association, 2006-08) Schell, Jeffrey M.
    This cruise report provides a record of data collected during S206 aboard the SSV Robert C. Seamans from Seattle, Washington to San Francisco, California (Figure 1) with stops at Victoria, British Columbia, Skung Gwaii village on Anthony Island and Tahsis, British Columbia. We collected samples or data with 110 individual deployments from 60 discrete stations (Table 2) along our cruise track. In addition we continuously sampled water depth, sub-bottom profiles and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiles (ADCP) along with flow-through sea surface temperature, salinity and in vivo fluorescence. This report summarizes physical, chemical and biological characteristics along our cruise track. The S206 cruise track traversed several coastal regions that can be distinguished by their sea surface temperature, salinity, and fluorescence values (Figures 2). Inshore-offshore transects of surface stations revealed the distribution of nutrients, chlorophyll-a and bacteria near river outflows Table 3). Detailed views of specific transects through specific coastal regions reveal dynamic spatial (nautical miles) and temporal (days) variability (Figures 3 a-d). Sub-surface water masses and their chemical properties were also surveyed using a CTD and 12 bottle carousel (Tables 4 and 5). Regional scale hydrography is summarized by T-S plots (Figure 4). Surface currents throughout our cruise track were generally weak except for regionally isolated phenomena (Figure 5). The distribution of neuston and meter net stations and corresponding zooplankton density and numbers of select nekton species are presented (Tables 6-7). Location and relevant station depths for sediment samples are shown in Table 8. In addition, a complete biomass and compositional survey of lower tropic levels was completed in several regions; from enumeration of bacterial communities using epifluorescence microscopy through phytoplankton, zooplankton and meroplankton communities to myctophids (lantern fish) and other micronekton. Results, not reported here, are available upon request through SEA. As part of SEA’s educational program, undergraduates conducted independent oceanographic research during the cruise. Project explored regionally, relevant topics in the disciplines of physical, chemical, biological and geological oceanography (Table 9). Student research efforts culminated in a written report and public presentation to the ship’s company. These papers are available on request from SEA.
  • Technical Report
    Cruise Report S-203 : Scientific data collected aboard SSV Robert C. Seamans, Papeete, Tahiti – Rangiroa Atoll, Tuamoto Archipelago – Nuku Hiva, Marquesas – Honolulu, Hawaii. 7 February, 2006 - 18 March, 2006
    (SEA Education Association, 2006-03) Schell, Jeffrey M.
    This cruise report provides a record of data collected during S203 aboard the SSV Robert C. Seamans from Papeete, Tahiti to Honolulu, Hawaii (Figure 1) with stops at Rangiroa Atoll, and Nuku Hiva, Marquesas. We collected samples or data with 189 individual deployments from 69 discrete stations (Table 2) along our cruise track. In addition we continuously sampled water depth, sub-bottom profiles and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiles (ADCP) along with flow-through sea surface temperature, salinity and in vivo fluorescence. This report summarizes physical, chemical and biological characteristics at the sea surface (Table 3, Figure 2) and at depth (Tables 4 and 5, Figure 3a) along our cruise track and around surveyed seamounts (Figure 3b). Large scale hydrography are summarized by contour plots of temperature, salinity and sound velocity or fluorescence along our cruise track (Figure 4a) and around surveyed seamounts (Figure 4b and c); whereas large scale current patterns are summarized by contour plots of current direction, magnitude and echo amplitude (Figure 5a - c). The distribution of neuston net stations, meter net stations and corresponding zooplankton density and numbers of select nekton species are presented (Table 6 and 7). Distribution and depth of phytoplankton drift nets are also provided (Table 8). Location and relevant station depths for bathyphotometer, secchi disc and shipek grab (atop seamount summits) deployments are shown in tables 9-11 respectively. A complete oceanographic survey of two seamounts, west of the Marquesan Islands was completed. Additional CTD, CHIRP, ADCP and biological data not reported here are available on request through Sea Education Association (SEA) and the Chief Scientist. The information in this report is not intended to represent final interpretation of the data and should not be excerpted or cited without written permission from SEA. In addition, diel patterns of myctophids (lantern fish), pteropods and bioluminescence potential were studied in relation to the lunar phase. Results, not reported here, are available upon request through SEA. As part of SEA’s educational program, undergraduates conducted idependent oceanographic research during the cruise. Project topics explored physical, chemical, biological and geological oceanography (Table 12). Student research efforts culminated in a written report and public presentation to the ship’s company. These papers are available on request from SEA.
  • Article
    Comparative mitochondrial and chloroplast genomics of a genetically distinct form of Sargassum contributing to recent “Golden Tides” in the Western Atlantic
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2016-12-20) Amaral-Zettler, Linda A. ; Dragone, Nicholas B. ; Schell, Jeffrey M. ; Slikas, Beth ; Murphy, Leslie G. ; Morrall, Clare E. ; Zettler, Erik R.
    Over the past 5 years, massive accumulations of holopelagic species of the brown macroalga Sargassum in coastal areas of the Caribbean have created “golden tides” that threaten local biodiversity and trigger economic losses associated with beach deterioration and impact on fisheries and tourism. In 2015, the first report identifying the cause of these extreme events implicated a rare form of the holopelagic species Sargassum natans (form VIII). However, since the first mention of S. natans VIII in the 1930s, based solely on morphological characters, no molecular data have confirmed this identification. We generated full-length mitogenomes and partial chloroplast genomes of all representative holopelagic Sargassum species, S. fluitans III and S. natans I alongside the putatively rare S. natans VIII, to demonstrate small but consistent differences between S. natans I and VIII (7 bp differences out of the 34,727). Our comparative analyses also revealed that both S. natans I and S. natans VIII share a very close phylogenetic relationship with S. fluitans III (94- and 96-bp differences of 34,727). We designed novel primers that amplified regions of the cox2 and cox3 marker genes with consistent polymorphic sites that enabled differentiation between the two S. natans forms (I and VIII) from each other and both from S. fluitans III in over 150 Sargassum samples including those from the 2014 golden tide event. Despite remarkable gene synteny and sequence conservation, the three Sargassum forms differ in morphology, ecology, and distribution patterns, warranting more extensive interrogation of holopelagic Sargassum genomes as a whole.