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    VERTIGO (VERtical Transport In the Global Ocean) : a study of particle sources and flux attenuation in the North Pacific

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    Buesseler et al Mar08 final DSRII.pdf (1.931Mb)
    Date
    2008-03-21
    Author
    Buesseler, Ken O.  Concept link
    Trull, Thomas W.  Concept link
    Steinberg, Deborah K.  Concept link
    Silver, Mary W.  Concept link
    Siegel, David A.  Concept link
    Saitoh, S.-I.  Concept link
    Lamborg, Carl H.  Concept link
    Lam, Phoebe J.  Concept link
    Karl, David M.  Concept link
    Jiao, N. Z.  Concept link
    Honda, Makio C.  Concept link
    Elskens, Marc  Concept link
    Dehairs, Frank  Concept link
    Brown, S. I.  Concept link
    Boyd, Philip W.  Concept link
    Bishop, James K. B.  Concept link
    Bidigare, Robert R.  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2531
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.04.024
    Abstract
    The VERtical Transport In the Global Ocean (VERTIGO) study examined particle sources and fluxes through the ocean’s “twilight zone” (defined here as depths below the euphotic zone to 1000 m). Interdisciplinary process studies were conducted at contrasting sites off Hawaii (ALOHA) and in the NW Pacific (K2) during 3 week occupations in 2004 and 2005, respectively. We examine in this overview paper the contrasting physical, chemical and biological settings and how these conditions impact the source characteristics of the sinking material and the transport efficiency through the twilight zone. A major finding in VERTIGO is the considerably lower transfer efficiency (Teff) of particulate organic carbon (POC), POC flux 500 / 150 m, at ALOHA (20%) vs. K2 (50%). This efficiency is higher in the diatom-dominated setting at K2 where silica-rich particles dominate the flux at the end of a diatom bloom, and where zooplankton and their pellets are larger. At K2, the drawdown of macronutrients is used to assess export and suggests that shallow remineralization above our 150 m trap is significant, especially for N relative to Si. We explore here also surface export ratios (POC flux/primary production) and possible reasons why this ratio is higher at K2, especially during the first trap deployment. When we compare the 500 m fluxes to deep moored traps, both sites lose about half of the sinking POC by >4000 m, but this comparison is limited in that fluxes at depth may have both a local and distant component. Certainly, the greatest difference in particle flux attenuation is in the mesopelagic, and we highlight other VERTIGO papers that provide a more detailed examination of the particle sources, flux and processes that attenuate the flux of sinking particles. Ultimately, we contend that at least three types of processes need to be considered: heterotrophic degradation of sinking particles, zooplankton migration and surface feeding, and lateral sources of suspended and sinking materials. We have evidence that all of these processes impacted the net attenuation of particle flux vs. depth measured in VERTIGO and would therefore need to be considered and quantified in order to understand the magnitude and efficiency of the ocean’s biological pump.
    Description
    Author Posting. © Elsevier B.V., 2008. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 55 (2008): 1522-1539, doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.04.024.
    Collections
    • Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry (MC&G)
    Suggested Citation
    Preprint: Buesseler, Ken O., Trull, Thomas W., Steinberg, Deborah K., Silver, Mary W., Siegel, David A., Saitoh, S.-I., Lamborg, Carl H., Lam, Phoebe J., Karl, David M., Jiao, N. Z., Honda, Makio C., Elskens, Marc, Dehairs, Frank, Brown, S. I., Boyd, Philip W., Bishop, James K. B., Bidigare, Robert R., "VERTIGO (VERtical Transport In the Global Ocean) : a study of particle sources and flux attenuation in the North Pacific", 2008-03-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.04.024, https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2531
     

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