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    Predictive modelling of grain-size distributions from marine electromagnetic profiling data using end-member analysis and a radial basis function network

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    ggy152.pdf (4.898Mb)
    Date
    2018-04-17
    Author
    Baasch, Ben­jamin  Concept link
    Mül­ler, Hen­drik  Concept link
    von Dobeneck, Tilo  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/10701
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggy152
    DOI
    10.1093/gji/ggy152
    Keyword
     Neural networks; Fuzzy logic; Statistical methods; Electrical properties; Magnetic properties; Marine electromagnetics; Controlled source electromagnetics (CSEM) 
    Abstract
    In this work, we present a new methodology to predict grain-size distributions from geophysical data. Specifically, electric conductivity and magnetic susceptibility of seafloor sediments recovered from electromagnetic profiling data are used to predict grain-size distributions along shelf-wide survey lines. Field data from the NW Iberian shelf are investigated and reveal a strong relation between the electromagnetic properties and grain-size distribution. The here presented workflow combines unsupervised and supervised machine-learning techniques. Non-negative matrix factorization is used to determine grain-size end-members from sediment surface samples. Four end-members were found, which well represent the variety of sediments in the study area. A radial basis function network modified for prediction of compositional data is then used to estimate the abundances of these end-members from the electromagnetic properties. The end-members together with their predicted abundances are finally back transformed to grain-size distributions. A minimum spatial variation constraint is implemented in the training of the network to avoid overfitting and to respect the spatial distribution of sediment patterns. The predicted models are tested via leave-one-out cross-validation revealing high prediction accuracy with coefficients of determination (R2) between 0.76 and 0.89. The predicted grain-size distributions represent the well-known sediment facies and patterns on the NW Iberian shelf and provide new insights into their distribution, transition and dynamics. This study suggests that electromagnetic benthic profiling in combination with machine learning techniques is a powerful tool to estimate grain-size distribution of marine sediments.
    Description
    Author Posting. © The Authors, 2018. This article is posted here by permission of The Royal Astronomical Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Journal International 215 (2018): 460–473, doi:10.1093/gji/ggy152.
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    • Geology and Geophysics (G&G)
    Suggested Citation
    Geophysical Journal International 215 (2018): 460–473
     

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