Understanding ENSO diversity
Understanding ENSO diversity
Date
2015-06
Authors
Capotondi, Antonietta
Wittenberg, Andrew T.
Newman, Matthew
Di Lorenzo, Emanuele
Yu, Jin-Yi
Braconnot, Pascale
Cole, Julia
Dewitte, Boris
Giese, Benjamin
Guilyardi, Eric
Jin, Fei-Fei
Karnauskas, Kristopher B.
Kirtman, Benjamin
Lee, Tong
Schneider, Niklas
Xue, Yan
Yeh, Sang-Wook
Wittenberg, Andrew T.
Newman, Matthew
Di Lorenzo, Emanuele
Yu, Jin-Yi
Braconnot, Pascale
Cole, Julia
Dewitte, Boris
Giese, Benjamin
Guilyardi, Eric
Jin, Fei-Fei
Karnauskas, Kristopher B.
Kirtman, Benjamin
Lee, Tong
Schneider, Niklas
Xue, Yan
Yeh, Sang-Wook
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DOI
10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00117.1
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Abstract
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a naturally occurring mode of tropical Pacific variability, with global impacts on society and natural ecosystems. While it has long been known that El Niño events display a diverse range of amplitudes, triggers, spatial patterns, and life cycles, the realization that ENSO’s impacts can be highly sensitive to this event-to-event diversity is driving a renewed interest in the subject. This paper surveys our current state of knowledge of ENSO diversity, identifies key gaps in understanding, and outlines some promising future research directions.
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Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2015. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96 (2015): 921–938, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00117.1.
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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96 (2015): 921–938