Jafari Navid H.

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Jafari
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Navid H.
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  • Article
    Impacts of coastal infrastructure on shoreline response to major hurricanes in southwest Louisiana
    (Frontiers Media, 2022-04-27) Cadigan, Jack A. ; Bekkaye, Jasmine H. ; Jafari, Navid H. ; Zhu, Ling ; Booth, Ashley R. ; Chen, Qin ; Raubenheimer, Britt ; Harris, Brian D. ; O’Connor, Chris ; Lane, Robert ; Kemp, G. Paul ; Day, Jason N. ; Day, John W.
    The Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge, located along the Chenier Plain in Southwest Louisiana, was the location of the sequential landfall of two major hurricanes in the 2020 hurricane season. To protect the rapidly retreating coastline along the Refuge, a system of breakwaters was constructed, which was partially completed by the 2020 hurricane season. Multi-institutional, multi-disciplinary rapid response deployments of wave gauges, piezometers, geotechnical measurements, vegetation sampling, and drone surveys were conducted before and after Hurricanes Laura and Delta along two transects in the Refuge; one protected by a breakwater system and one which was the natural, unprotected shoreline. Geomorphological changes were similar on both transects after Hurricane Laura, while after Delta there was higher inland sediment deposition on the natural shoreline. Floodwaters drained from the transect with breakwater protection more slowly than the natural shoreline, though topography profiles are similar, indicating a potential dampening or complex hydrodynamic interactions between the sediment—wetland—breakwater system. In addition, observations of a fluidized mud deposit in Rollover Bayou in the Refuge are presented and discussed in context of the maintenance of wetland elevation and stability in the sediment starved Chenier Plain.
  • Article
    Short-term sediment dispersal on a large retreating coastal river delta via 234Th and 7Be sediment geochronology: the Mississippi River Delta Front
    (MDPI, 2024-01-31) Courtois, Andrew ; Bentley, Samuel J. ; Maloney, Jillian ; Xu, Kehui ; Chaytor, Jason D. ; Georgiou, Ioannis Y. ; Miner, Michael D. ; Obelcz, Jeffrey ; Jafari, Navid H. ; Damour, Melanie
    Many Mississippi River Delta studies have shown recent declines in fluvial sediment load from the river and associated land loss. In contrast, recent sedimentary processes on the subaqueous delta are less documented. To help address this knowledge gap, multicores were collected offshore from the three main river outlets at water depths of 25–280 m in June 2017 just after the peak river discharge period, with locations selected based on 2017 U.S. Geological Survey seabed mapping. The coring locations included the undisturbed upper foreset, mudflow lobes, gullies, and the undisturbed prodelta. Nine multicores were analyzed for Beryllium-7 activity, and four cores were analyzed for excess Thorium-234 activity via gamma spectrometry, granulometry and X-radiography. Our results indicate a general trend of declining 7Be and 234Th activities and inventories with increasing distance from sources and in deeper water. The core X-radiographs are graded from the predominantly physically stratified nearshore to the more bioturbated offshore, consistent with the sedimentation patterns. Sediment focusing assessed via the 7Be and 234Th sediment inventories shows preferential sedimentation in gully and lobe environments, whereas the upper foreset and prodelta focusing factors are relatively depleted. Overall, short-term sediment deposition from the main fluvial source remains active offshore from all three major river outlets, despite the overall declining river load.