Miller William L.

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Miller
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William L.
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  • Working Paper
    US SOLAS Science Report
    (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2021-12) Stanley, Rachel H. R. ; Bell, Tom G. ; Gao, Yuan ; Gaston, Cassandra J. ; Ho, David T. ; Kieber, David J. ; Mackey, Katherine R. M. ; Meskhidze, Nicholas ; Miller, William L. ; Potter, Henry ; Vlahos, Penny ; Yager, Patricia L. ; Alexander, Becky ; Beaupre, Steven R. ; Craig, Susanne E. ; Cutter, Gregory A. ; Emerson, Steven ; Frossard, Amanda A. ; Gasso, Santiago ; Haus, Brian K. ; Keene, William C. ; Landing, William M. ; Moore, Richard H. ; Ortiz-Suslow, David ; Palter, Jaime B. ; Paulot, Fabien ; Saltzman, Eric ; Thornton, Daniel ; Wozniak, Andrew S. ; Zamora, Lauren M. ; Benway, Heather M.
    The Surface Ocean – Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) (http://www.solas-int.org/) is an international research initiative focused on understanding the key biogeochemical-physical interactions and feedbacks between the ocean and atmosphere that are critical elements of climate and global biogeochemical cycles. Following the release of the SOLAS Decadal Science Plan (2015-2025) (Brévière et al., 2016), the Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Committee (OAIC) was formed as a subcommittee of the Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) Scientific Steering Committee to coordinate US SOLAS efforts and activities, facilitate interactions among atmospheric and ocean scientists, and strengthen US contributions to international SOLAS. In October 2019, with support from OCB, the OAIC convened an open community workshop, Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions: Scoping directions for new research with the goal of fostering new collaborations and identifying knowledge gaps and high-priority science questions to formulate a US SOLAS Science Plan. Based on presentations and discussions at the workshop, the OAIC and workshop participants have developed this US SOLAS Science Plan. The first part of the workshop and this Science Plan were purposefully designed around the five themes of the SOLAS Decadal Science Plan (2015-2025) (Brévière et al., 2016) to provide a common set of research priorities and ensure a more cohesive US contribution to international SOLAS.
  • Article
    Depth-resolved photochemical production of hydrogen peroxide in the global ocean using remotely sensed ocean color
    (Frontiers Media, 2022-10-20) Zhu, Yuting ; Powers, Leanne C. ; Kieber, David J. ; Miller, William L.
    Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) in natural waters, affecting water quality via participation in metal redox reactions and causing oxidative stress for marine ecosystems. While attempts have been made to better understand H2O2 dynamics in the global ocean, the relative importance of various H2O2 sources and losses remains uncertain. Our model improves previous estimates of photochemical H2O2 production rates by using remotely sensed ocean color to characterize the ultraviolet (UV) radiation field in surface water along with quantitative chemical data for the photochemical efficiency of H2O2 formation. Wavelength- and temperature-dependent efficiency (i.e., apparent quantum yield, AQY) spectra previously reported for a variety of seawater sources, including coastal and oligotrophic stations in Antarctica, the Pacific Ocean at Station ALOHA, the Gulf of Mexico, and several sites along the eastern coast of the United States were compiled to obtain a “marine-average” AQY spectrum. To evaluate our predictions of H2O2 photoproduction in surface waters using this single AQY spectrum, we compared modeled rates to new measured rates from Gulf Stream, coastal, and nearshore river-outflow stations in the South Atlantic Bight, GA, United States; obtaining comparative differences of 33% or less. In our global model, the “marine-average” AQY spectrum was used with modeled solar irradiance, together with satellite-derived surface seawater temperature and UV optical properties, including diffuse attenuation coefficients and dissolved organic matter absorption coefficients estimated with remote sensing-based algorithms. The final product of the model, a monthly climatology of depth-resolved H2O2 photoproduction rates in the surface mixed layer, is reported for the first time and provides an integrated global estimate of ∼21.1 Tmol yr−1 for hotochemical H2O2 production. This work has important implications for photo-redox reactions in seawater and improves our understanding of the role of solar irradiation on ROS cycling and the overall oxidation state in the oceans.