Sebag David

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Sebag
First Name
David
ORCID
0000-0002-6446-6921

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  • Article
    The origin of the 1500-year climate cycles in Holocene North-Atlantic records
    (Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, 2007-10-01) Debret, M. ; Bout-Roumazeilles, V. ; Grousset, F. ; Desmet, M. ; McManus, Jerry F. ; Massei, N. ; Sebag, D. ; Petit, J.-R. ; Copard, Y. ; Trentesaux, A.
    Since the first suggestion of 1500-year cycles in the advance and retreat of glaciers (Denton and Karlen, 1973), many studies have uncovered evidence of repeated climate oscillations of 2500, 1500, and 1000 years. During last glacial period, natural climate cycles of 1500 years appear to be persistent (Bond and Lotti, 1995) and remarkably regular (Mayewski et al., 1997; Rahmstorf, 2003), yet the origin of this pacing during the Holocene remains a mystery (Rahmstorf, 2003), making it one of the outstanding puzzles of climate variability. Solar variability is often considered likely to be responsible for such cyclicities, but the evidence for solar forcing is difficult to evaluate within available data series due to the shortcomings of conventional time-series analyses. However, the wavelets analysis method is appropriate when considering non-stationary variability. Here we show by the use of wavelets analysis that it is possible to distinguish solar forcing of 1000- and 2500- year oscillations from oceanic forcing of 1500-year cycles. Using this method, the relative contribution of solar-related and ocean-related climate influences can be distinguished throughout the 10 000 yr Holocene intervals since the last ice age. These results reveal that the 1500-year climate cycles are linked with the oceanic circulation and not with variations in solar output as previously argued (Bond et al., 2001). In this light, previously studied marine sediment (Bianchi and McCave, 1999; Chapman and Shackleton, 2000; Giraudeau et al., 2000), ice core (O'Brien et al., 1995; Vonmoos et al., 2006) and dust records (Jackson et al., 2005) can be seen to contain the evidence of combined forcing mechanisms, whose relative influences varied during the course of the Holocene. Circum-Atlantic climate records cannot be explained exclusively by solar forcing, but require changes in ocean circulation, as suggested previously (Broecker et al., 2001; McManus et al., 1999).
  • Article
    Substrate availability and not thermal acclimation controls microbial temperature sensitivity response to long‐term warming
    (Wiley, 2022-11-30) Domeignoz‐Horta, Luiz A. ; Pold, Grace ; Erb, Hailey ; Sebag, David ; Verrecchia, Eric ; Northen, Trent ; Louie, Katherine ; Eloe‐Fadrosh, Emiley ; Pennacchio, Christa ; Knorr, Melissa A. ; Frey, Serita D. ; Melillo, Jerry M. ; DeAngelis, Kristen M.
    Microbes are responsible for cycling carbon (C) through soils, and predicted changes in soil C stocks under climate change are highly sensitive to shifts in the mechanisms assumed to control the microbial physiological response to warming. Two mechanisms have been suggested to explain the long‐term warming impact on microbial physiology: microbial thermal acclimation and changes in the quantity and quality of substrates available for microbial metabolism. Yet studies disentangling these two mechanisms are lacking. To resolve the drivers of changes in microbial physiology in response to long‐term warming, we sampled soils from 13‐ and 28‐year‐old soil warming experiments in different seasons. We performed short‐term laboratory incubations across a range of temperatures to measure the relationships between temperature sensitivity of physiology (growth, respiration, carbon use efficiency, and extracellular enzyme activity) and the chemical composition of soil organic matter. We observed apparent thermal acclimation of microbial respiration, but only in summer, when warming had exacerbated the seasonally‐induced, already small dissolved organic matter pools. Irrespective of warming, greater quantity and quality of soil carbon increased the extracellular enzymatic pool and its temperature sensitivity. We propose that fresh litter input into the system seasonally cancels apparent thermal acclimation of C‐cycling processes to decadal warming. Our findings reveal that long‐term warming has indirectly affected microbial physiology via reduced C availability in this system, implying that earth system models including these negative feedbacks may be best suited to describe long‐term warming effects on these soils.Warming can accelerate or decelerate soil microbial response to warmer temperatures. Here we provide support for the hypothesis that microbial temperature sensitivity is contingent upon substrate availability, which itself is reduced by warming. Thus we show the complex interplay between microbial activity and changes in soil carbon stocks.