Coles
Victoria J.
Coles
Victoria J.
No Thumbnail Available
Search Results
Now showing
1 - 4 of 4
-
ArticleBacterial biogeography across the Amazon river-ocean continuum(Frontiers Media, 2017-05-23) Doherty, Mary ; Yager, Patricia L. ; Moran, Mary Ann ; Coles, Victoria J. ; Fortunato, Caroline S. ; Krusche, Alex V. ; Medeiros, Patricia M. ; Payet, Jérôme P. ; Richey, Jeffrey E. ; Satinsky, Brandon ; Sawakuchi, Henrique O. ; Ward, Nicholas D. ; Crump, Byron C.Spatial and temporal patterns in microbial biodiversity across the Amazon river-ocean continuum were investigated along ∼675 km of the lower Amazon River mainstem, in the Tapajós River tributary, and in the plume and coastal ocean during low and high river discharge using amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in whole water and size-fractionated samples (0.2–2.0 μm and >2.0 μm). River communities varied among tributaries, but mainstem communities were spatially homogeneous and tracked seasonal changes in river discharge and co-varying factors. Co-occurrence network analysis identified strongly interconnected river assemblages during high (May) and low (December) discharge periods, and weakly interconnected transitional assemblages in September, suggesting that this system supports two seasonal microbial communities linked to river discharge. In contrast, plume communities showed little seasonal differences and instead varied spatially tracking salinity. However, salinity explained only a small fraction of community variability, and plume communities in blooms of diatom-diazotroph assemblages were strikingly different than those in other high salinity plume samples. This suggests that while salinity physically structures plumes through buoyancy and mixing, the composition of plume-specific communities is controlled by other factors including nutrients, phytoplankton community composition, and dissolved organic matter chemistry. Co-occurrence networks identified interconnected assemblages associated with the highly productive low salinity near-shore region, diatom-diazotroph blooms, and the plume edge region, and weakly interconnected assemblages in high salinity regions. This suggests that the plume supports a transitional community influenced by immigration of ocean bacteria from the plume edge, and by species sorting as these communities adapt to local environmental conditions. Few studies have explored patterns of microbial diversity in tropical rivers and coastal oceans. Comparison of Amazon continuum microbial communities to those from temperate and arctic systems suggest that river discharge and salinity are master variables structuring a range of environmental conditions that control bacterial communities across the river-ocean continuum.
-
ArticleBest practice strategies for process studies designed to improve climate modeling(American Meteorological Society, 2020-10-01) Sprintall, Janet ; Coles, Victoria J. ; Reed, Kevin A. ; Butler, Amy H. ; Foltz, Gregory R. ; Penny, Stephen G. ; Seo, HyodaeProcess studies are designed to improve our understanding of poorly described physical processes that are central to the behavior of the climate system. They typically include coordinated efforts of intensive field campaigns in the atmosphere and/or ocean to collect a carefully planned set of in situ observations. Ideally the observational portion of a process study is paired with numerical modeling efforts that lead to better representation of a poorly simulated or previously neglected physical process in operational and research models. This article provides a framework of best practices to help guide scientists in carrying out more productive, collaborative, and successful process studies. Topics include the planning and implementation of a process study and the associated web of logistical challenges; the development of focused science goals and testable hypotheses; and the importance of assembling an integrated and compatible team with a diversity of social identity, gender, career stage, and scientific background. Guidelines are also provided for scientific data management, dissemination, and stewardship. Above all, developing trust and continual communication within the science team during the field campaign and analysis phase are key for process studies. We consider a successful process study as one that ultimately will improve our quantitative understanding of the mechanisms responsible for climate variability and enhance our ability to represent them in climate models.
-
Working PaperUnited States contributions to the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition (US IIOE-2)(US Steering Committee, 2018-10-23) Hood, Raleigh R. ; Beal, Lisa M. ; Benway, Heather M. ; Chandler, Cynthia L. ; Coles, Victoria J. ; Cutter, Gregory A. ; Dick, Henry J. B. ; Gangopadhyay, Avijit ; Goes, Joachim I. ; Humphris, Susan E. ; Landry, Michael R. ; Lloyd, Karen G. ; McPhaden, Michael J. ; Murtugudde, Raghu ; Subrahmanyam, Bulusu ; Susanto, R. Dwi ; Talley, Lynne D. ; Wiggert, Jerry D. ; Zhang, ChidongFrom the Preface: The purpose of this document is to motivate and coordinate U.S. participation in the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE-2) by outlining a core set of research priorities that will accelerate our understanding of geologic, oceanic, and atmospheric processes and their interactions in the Indian Ocean. These research priorities have been developed by the U.S. IIOE-2 Steering Committee based on the outcomes of an interdisciplinary Indian Ocean science workshop held at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography on September 11-13, 2017. The workshop was attended by 70 scientists with expertise spanning climate, atmospheric sciences, and multiple sub-disciplines of oceanography. Workshop participants were largely drawn from U.S. academic institutions and government agencies, with a few experts invited from India, China, and France to provide a broader perspective on international programs and activities and opportunities for collaboration. These research priorities also build upon the previously developed International IIOE-2 Science Plan and Implementation Strategy. Outcomes from the workshop are condensed into five scientific themes: Upwelling, inter-ocean exchanges, monsoon dynamics, inter-basin contrasts, marine geology and the deep ocean. Each theme is identified with priority questions that the U.S. research community would like to address and the measurements that need to be made in the Indian Ocean to address them.
-
Working PaperDaily to decadal ecological forecasting along North American coastlines(Woods Hole Oceangraphic Institution, 2024-12-16) Capotondi, Antonietta ; Coles, Victoria J. ; Clayton, Sophie A. ; Friedrichs, Marjorie A. M. ; Gierach, Michelle ; Miller, Arthur J. ; Stock, Charles A.Coastal areas share unique intersections of large-scale climate variability and local hydrology, wetland, benthic and pelagic ecosystems, and anthropogenic pressures. Forecasting of harmful environmental conditions for planning, adaptation, and mitigation purposes is both complex and urgently needed. Ecological forecasting is the qualitative or quantitative projection of biogeochemical, organismal or ecosystem state variables and their drivers on timescales that can range from “now” to decades from now. Estimating hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay today, predicting acidity conditions in the Northeast Pacific in a few months, or projecting the depth of the Bering Sea nutricline in 2075 are all ecological forecasts relevant to planning, adaptation, and mitigation efforts. In 2022, the US CLIVAR and Ocean Carbon & Biogeochemistry (OCB) Programs convened a joint workshop to advance the development of US ecological forecasting. The workshop goals were to 1) identify sources of predictability of physical quantities relevant for marine ecosystems along US coastlines; 2) assess the observational needs of forecast systems and limitations due to gaps in understanding; and 3) promote the development of dynamical and statistical models suitable to meet the forecasting requirements. About 80 participants from over 40 US and international institutions joined this hybrid workshop for plenary talks and breakout discussions. Participants represented a diversity of career stages across academic institutions, government agencies, and non-government organizations. By working together, they collectively identified a path forward for a coordinated US ecological forecasting effort as detailed in this report.