Marandino Christa A.

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Marandino
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Christa A.
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  • Article
    Oxygenated volatile organic carbon in the western Pacific convective center : ocean cycling, air–sea gas exchange and atmospheric transport
    (Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, 2017-09-14) Schlundt, Cathleen ; Tegtmeier, Susann ; Lennartz, Sinikka T. ; Bracher, Astrid ; Cheah, Wee ; Krüger, Kirstin ; Quack, Birgit ; Marandino, Christa A.
    A suite of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs – acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal, butanal and butanone) were measured concurrently in the surface water and atmosphere of the South China Sea and Sulu Sea in November 2011. A strong correlation was observed between all OVOC concentrations in the surface seawater along the entire cruise track, except for acetaldehyde, suggesting similar sources and sinks in the surface ocean. Additionally, several phytoplankton groups, such as haptophytes or pelagophytes, were also correlated to all OVOCs, indicating that phytoplankton may be an important source of marine OVOCs in the South China and Sulu seas. Humic- and protein-like fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) components seemed to be additional precursors for butanone and acetaldehyde. The measurement-inferred OVOC fluxes generally showed an uptake of atmospheric OVOCs by the ocean for all gases, except for butanal. A few important exceptions were found along the Borneo coast, where OVOC fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere were inferred. The atmospheric OVOC mixing ratios over the northern coast of Borneo were relatively high compared with literature values, suggesting that this coastal region is a local hotspot for atmospheric OVOCs. The calculated amount of OVOCs entrained into the ocean seemed to be an important source of OVOCs to the surface ocean. When the fluxes were out of the ocean, marine OVOCs were found to be enough to control the locally measured OVOC distribution in the atmosphere. Based on our model calculations, at least 0.4 ppb of marine-derived acetone and butanone can reach the upper troposphere, where they may have an important influence on hydrogen oxide radical formation over the western Pacific Ocean.
  • Article
    Developing an Observing Air–Sea Interactions Strategy (OASIS) for the global ocean
    (Oxford University Press, 2022-09-27) Cronin, Meghan F. ; Swart, Sebastiaan ; Marandino, Christa A. ; Anderson, C. ; Browne, Philip ; Chen, S. ; Joubert, W. R. ; Schuster, U. ; Venkatesan, R. ; Addey, Charles I. ; Alves, O. ; Ardhuin, F. ; Battle, S. ; Bourassa, M. A. ; Chen, Z. ; Chory, Margaret ; Clayson, Carol A. ; de Souza, R. B. ; du Plessis, Marcel ; Edmondson, M. ; Edson, J. B. ; Gille, S. T. ; Hermes, Juliet ; Hormann, Verena ; Josey, S. A. ; Kurz, M. ; Lee, T. ; Maicu, F. ; Moustahfid, E. H. ; Nicholson, Sarah-Anne ; Nyadjro, Ebenezer S. ; Palter, Jaime ; Patterson, Ruth G. ; Penny, Stephen G. ; Pezzi, L. P. ; Pinardi, N. ; Reeves Eyre, J. E. Jack ; Rome, N. ; Subramanian, A. C. ; Stienbarger, C. ; Steinhoff, T. ; Sutton, A. J. ; Tomita, Hiroyuki ; Wills, Samantha M. ; Wilson, C. ; Yu, Lisan
    The Observing Air–Sea Interactions Strategy (OASIS) is a new United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development programme working to develop a practical, integrated approach for observing air–sea interactions globally for improved Earth system (including ecosystem) forecasts, CO2 uptake assessments called for by the Paris Agreement, and invaluable surface ocean information for decision makers. Our “Theory of Change” relies upon leveraged multi-disciplinary activities, partnerships, and capacity strengthening. Recommendations from >40 OceanObs’19 community papers and a series of workshops have been consolidated into three interlinked Grand Ideas for creating #1: a globally distributed network of mobile air–sea observing platforms built around an expanded array of long-term time-series stations; #2: a satellite network, with high spatial and temporal resolution, optimized for measuring air–sea fluxes; and #3: improved representation of air–sea coupling in a hierarchy of Earth system models. OASIS activities are organized across five Theme Teams: (1) Observing Network Design & Model Improvement; (2) Partnership & Capacity Strengthening; (3) UN Decade OASIS Actions; (4) Best Practices & Interoperability Experiments; and (5) Findable–Accessible–Interoperable–Reusable (FAIR) models, data, and OASIS products. Stakeholders, including researchers, are actively recruited to participate in Theme Teams to help promote a predicted, safe, clean, healthy, resilient, and productive ocean.
  • Article
    Marine isoprene production and consumption in the mixed layer of the surface ocean – a field study over two oceanic regions
    (Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, 2018-02-01) Booge, Dennis ; Schlundt, Cathleen ; Bracher, Astrid ; Endres, Sonja ; Zäncker, Birthe ; Marandino, Christa A.
    Parameterizations of surface ocean isoprene concentrations are numerous, despite the lack of source/sink process understanding. Here we present isoprene and related field measurements in the mixed layer from the Indian Ocean and the eastern Pacific Ocean to investigate the production and consumption rates in two contrasting regions, namely oligotrophic open ocean and the coastal upwelling region. Our data show that the ability of different phytoplankton functional types (PFTs) to produce isoprene seems to be mainly influenced by light, ocean temperature, and salinity. Our field measurements also demonstrate that nutrient availability seems to have a direct influence on the isoprene production. With the help of pigment data, we calculate in-field isoprene production rates for different PFTs under varying biogeochemical and physical conditions. Using these new calculated production rates, we demonstrate that an additional significant and variable loss, besides a known chemical loss and a loss due to air–sea gas exchange, is needed to explain the measured isoprene concentration. We hypothesize that this loss, with a lifetime for isoprene between 10 and 100 days depending on the ocean region, is potentially due to degradation or consumption by bacteria.