Riihimaki Laura D.

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Last Name
Riihimaki
First Name
Laura D.
ORCID
0000-0002-1794-3860

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  • Article
    Super sites for advancing understanding of the oceanic and atmospheric boundary layers
    (Marine Technology Society, 2021-05-01) Clayson, Carol A. ; Centurioni, Luca R. ; Cronin, Meghan F. ; Edson, James B. ; Gille, Sarah T. ; Muller-Karger, Frank E. ; Parfitt, Rhys ; Riihimaki, Laura D. ; Smith, Shawn R. ; Swart, Sebastiaan ; Vandemark, Douglas ; Villas Bôas, Ana B. ; Zappa, Christopher J. ; Zhang, Dongxiao
    Air‐sea interactions are critical to large-scale weather and climate predictions because of the ocean's ability to absorb excess atmospheric heat and carbon and regulate exchanges of momentum, water vapor, and other greenhouse gases. These exchanges are controlled by molecular, turbulent, and wave-driven processes in the atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers. Improved understanding and representation of these processes in models are key for increasing Earth system prediction skill, particularly for subseasonal to decadal time scales. Our understanding and ability to model these processes within this coupled system is presently inadequate due in large part to a lack of data: contemporaneous long-term observations from the top of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) to the base of the oceanic mixing layer. We propose the concept of “Super Sites” to provide multi-year suites of measurements at specific locations to simultaneously characterize physical and biogeochemical processes within the coupled boundary layers at high spatial and temporal resolution. Measurements will be made from floating platforms, buoys, towers, and autonomous vehicles, utilizing both in-situ and remote sensors. The engineering challenges and level of coordination, integration, and interoperability required to develop these coupled ocean‐atmosphere Super Sites place them in an “Ocean Shot” class.
  • Article
    Ocean surface radiation measurement best practices
    (Frontiers Media, 2024-05-23) Riihimaki, Laura D. ; Cronin, Meghan F. ; Acharya, Raja ; Anderson, Nathan ; Augustine, John A. ; Balmes, Kelly A. ; Berk, Patrick ; Bozzano, Roberto ; Bucholtz, Anthony ; Connell, Kenneth J. ; Cox, Christopher J. ; di Sarra, Alcide G. ; Edson, James B. ; Fairall, Christopher W. ; Farrar, J. Thomas ; Grissom, Karen ; Guerra, Maria Teresa ; Hormann, Verena ; Joseph, Jossia K. ; Lanconelli, Christian ; Melin, Frederic ; Meloni, Daniela ; Ottaviani, Matteo ; Pensieri, Sara ; Ramesh, Krishnamoorthy ; Rutan, David A. ; Samarinas, Nikiforos ; Smith, Shawn R. ; Swart, Sebastiaan ; Tandon, Amit ; Thompson, Elizabeth J. ; Venkatesan, Ramasamy ; Verma, Raj Kumar ; Vitale, Vito ; Watkins-Brandt, Katie S. ; Weller, Robert A. ; Zappa, Christopher J. ; Zhang, Dongxiao
    Ocean surface radiation measurement best practices have been developed as a first step to support the interoperability of radiation measurements across multiple ocean platforms and between land and ocean networks. This document describes the consensus by a working group of radiation measurement experts from land, ocean, and aircraft communities. The scope was limited to broadband shortwave (solar) and longwave (terrestrial infrared) surface irradiance measurements for quantification of the surface radiation budget. Best practices for spectral measurements for biological purposes like photosynthetically active radiation and ocean color are only mentioned briefly to motivate future interactions between the physical surface flux and biological radiation measurement communities. Topics discussed in these best practices include instrument selection, handling of sensors and installation, data quality monitoring, data processing, and calibration. It is recognized that platform and resource limitations may prohibit incorporating all best practices into all measurements and that spatial coverage is also an important motivator for expanding current networks. Thus, one of the key recommendations is to perform interoperability experiments that can help quantify the uncertainty of different practices and lay the groundwork for a multi-tiered global network with a mix of high-accuracy reference stations and lower-cost platforms and practices that can fill in spatial gaps.