Canfield Donald E.

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Canfield
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Donald E.
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  • Preprint
    Increased accumulation of sulfur in lake sediments of the high Arctic
    ( 2010-08-31) Drevnick, Paul E. ; Muir, Derek C. G. ; Lamborg, Carl H. ; Horgan, Martin J. ; Canfield, Donald E. ; Boyle, John F. ; Rose, Neil L.
    We report a synchronous increase in accumulation of reduced inorganic sulfur since c. 1980 in sediment cores from eight of nine lakes studied in the Canadian Arctic and Svalbard (Norway). Sediment incubations and detailed analyses of sediment profiles from two of the lakes indicate that increases in sulfur accumulation may be due ultimately to a changing climate. Warming-induced lengthening of the ice-free season is resulting in well-documented increases in algal production and sedimentation of the resulting detrital matter. Algal detritus is a rich source of labile carbon, which in these sediments stimulates dissimilatory sulfate reduction. The sulfide produced is stored in sediment (as acid volatile sulfide), converted to other forms of sulfur, or reoxidized to sulfate and lost to the water column. An acceleration of the sulfur cycle in Arctic lakes could have profound effects on important biogeochemical processes, such as carbon burial and mercury methylation.
  • Article
    The Sedimentary Geochemistry and Paleoenvironments Project
    (Wiley, 2021-07-05) Farrell, Úna C. ; Samawi, Rifaat ; Anjanappa, Savitha ; Klykov, Roman ; Adeboye, Oyeleye O. ; Agic, Heda ; Ahm, Anne-Sofie C. ; Boag, Thomas H. ; Bowyer, Fred ; Brocks, Jochen J. ; Brunoir, Tessa N. ; Canfield, Donald E. ; Chen, Xiaoyan ; Cheng, Meng ; Clarkson, Matthew O. ; Cole, Devon B. ; Cordie, David R. ; Crockford, Peter W. ; Cui, Huan ; Dahl, Tais W. ; Mouro, Lucas D. ; Dewing, Keith ; Dornbos, Stephen Q. ; Drabon, Nadja ; Dumoulin, Julie A. ; Emmings, Joseph F. ; Endriga, Cecilia R. ; Fraser, Tiffani A. ; Gaines, Robert R. ; Gaschnig, Richard M. ; Gibson, Timothy M. ; Gilleaudeau, Geoffrey J. ; Gill, Benjamin C. ; Goldberg, Karin ; Guilbaud, Romain ; Halverson, Galen P. ; Hammarlund, Emma U. ; Hantsoo, Kalev G. ; Henderson, Miles A. ; Hodgskiss, Malcolm S. W. ; Horner, Tristan J. ; Husson, Jon M. ; Johnson, Benjamin ; Kabanov, Pavel ; Keller, C. Brenhin ; Kimmig, Julien ; Kipp, Michael A. ; Knoll, Andrew H. ; Kreitsmann, Timmu ; Kunzmann, Marcus ; Kurzweil, Florian ; LeRoy, Matthew A. ; Li, Chao ; Lipp, Alex G. ; Loydell, David K. ; Lu, Xinze ; Macdonald, Francis A. ; Magnall, Joseph M. ; Mänd, Kaarel ; Mehra, Akshay ; Melchin, Michael J. ; Miller, Austin J. ; Mills, N. Tanner ; Mwinde, Chiza N. ; O'Connell, Brennan ; Och, Lawrence M. ; Ossa Ossa, Frantz ; Pagès, Anais ; Paiste, Kärt ; Partin, Camille A. ; Peters, Shanan E. ; Petrov, Peter ; Playter, Tiffany L. ; Plaza-Torres, Stephanie ; Porter, Susannah M. ; Poulton, Simon W. ; Pruss, Sara ; Richoz, Sylvain ; Ritzer, Samantha R. ; Rooney, Alan D. ; Sahoo, Swapan K. ; Schoepfer, Shane D. ; Sclafani, Judith A. ; Shen, Yanan ; Shorttle, Oliver ; Slotznick, Sarah P. ; Smith, Emily F. ; Spinks, Sam ; Stockey, Richard G. ; Strauss, Justin V. ; Stüeken, Eva E. ; Tecklenburg, Sabrina ; Thomson, Danielle ; Tosca, Nicholas J. ; Uhlein, Gabriel J. ; Vizcaíno, Maoli N. ; Wang, Huajian ; White, Tristan ; Wilby, Philip R. ; Woltz, Christina R. ; Wood, Rachel A. ; Xiang, Lei ; Yurchenko, Inessa A. ; Zhang, Tianran ; Planavsky, Noah J. ; Lau, Kimberly V. ; Johnston, David T. ; Sperling, Erik A.
    Geobiology explores how Earth's system has changed over the course of geologic history and how living organisms on this planet are impacted by or are indeed causing these changes. For decades, geologists, paleontologists, and geochemists have generated data to investigate these topics. Foundational efforts in sedimentary geochemistry utilized spreadsheets for data storage and analysis, suitable for several thousand samples, but not practical or scalable for larger, more complex datasets. As results have accumulated, researchers have increasingly gravitated toward larger compilations and statistical tools. New data frameworks have become necessary to handle larger sample sets and encourage more sophisticated or even standardized statistical analyses. In this paper, we describe the Sedimentary Geochemistry and Paleoenvironments Project (SGP; Figure 1), which is an open, community-oriented, database-driven research consortium. The goals of SGP are to (1) create a relational database tailored to the needs of the deep-time (millions to billions of years) sedimentary geochemical research community, including assembling and curating published and associated unpublished data; (2) create a website where data can be retrieved in a flexible way; and (3) build a collaborative consortium where researchers are incentivized to contribute data by giving them priority access and the opportunity to work on exciting questions in group papers. Finally, and more idealistically, the goal was to establish a culture of modern data management and data analysis in sedimentary geochemistry. Relative to many other fields, the main emphasis in our field has been on instrument measurement of sedimentary geochemical data rather than data analysis (compared with fields like ecology, for instance, where the post-experiment ANOVA (analysis of variance) is customary). Thus, the longer-term goal was to build a collaborative environment where geobiologists and geologists can work and learn together to assess changes in geochemical signatures through Earth history.
  • Article
    Ideas and perspectives: biogeochemistry - some key foci for the future
    (European Geosciences Union, 2021-05-19) Bianchi, Thomas S. ; Anand, Madhur ; Bauch, Chris T. ; Canfield, Donald E. ; De Meester, Luc ; Fennel, Katja ; Groffman, Peter M. ; Pace, Michael L. ; Saito, Mak A. ; Simpson, Myrna J.
    Biogeochemistry has an important role to play in many environmental issues of current concern related to global change and air, water, and soil quality. However, reliable predictions and tangible implementation of solutions, offered by biogeochemistry, will need further integration of disciplines. Here, we refocus on how further developing and strengthening ties between biology, geology, chemistry, and social sciences will advance biogeochemistry through (1) better incorporation of mechanisms, including contemporary evolutionary adaptation, to predict changing biogeochemical cycles, and (2) implementing new and developing insights from social sciences to better understand how sustainable and equitable responses by society are achieved. The challenges for biogeochemists in the 21st century are formidable and will require both the capacity to respond fast to pressing issues (e.g., catastrophic weather events and pandemics) and intense collaboration with government officials, the public, and internationally funded programs. Keys to success will be the degree to which biogeochemistry can make biogeochemical knowledge more available to policy makers and educators about predicting future changes in the biosphere, on timescales from seasons to centuries, in response to climate change and other anthropogenic impacts. Biogeochemistry also has a place in facilitating sustainable and equitable responses by society.