Barbour R. Lorraine

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Barbour
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R. Lorraine
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  • Technical Report
    Description and evaluation of the Acoustic Profiling of Ocean Currents (APOC) System used on R.V. Oceanus cruise 96 on May 11-22, 1981
    (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1982-11) Joyce, Terrence M. ; Rintoul, Stephen R. ; Barbour, R. Lorraine
    The underway current profiling system used in this study consists of a microprocessor-controlled data logger that collects and formats data from a four-beam Ametek-Straza 300 kHz acoustic Doppler current profiler, heading from the ship's gyrocompass, and navigation information from a Loran-C receiver and a satellite navigation unit. Data are recorded on magnetic tape and some real time calculations are made. The system was first used on a May, 1981 cruise aboard the R.V. OCEANUS in the western North Atlantic. Horizontal currents were profiled to depths of 100m. Time averaging is required to remove effects of ship motion. Errors in our ability to profile ocean currents are estimated to be 5-10 em s-1 for a ten-minute vector average. An intercomparison is made with a moored vector measuring current meter (VMCM). The mean difference in hourly-averaged APOC and VMCM currents over the four-hour intercomparison is a few mm s-1. Data from a variety of oceanic regimes are presented and discussed: these regimes include two Gulf Stream crossings, a warm core ring survey, and shallow water in a frontal zone to the east of Nantucket Shoals.
  • Technical Report
    Hydrographic data from warm core ring 82-B
    (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1985-07) Stalcup, Marvel C. ; Joyce, Terrence M. ; Barbour, R. Lorraine ; Dunworth, Jane A.
    Hydrographic data are presented from three cruises to Warm Core Ring 82-B during April-August 1982. These data include a sampling of the 2 db pressure, temperature, salinity and oxygen measurements obtained with a CTD-02 profiler, manufactured by Neil Brown Instrument Systems, together with water sample measurements of salinity, oxygen, silica, nitrate and phosphate. Charts showing the station positions and selected profiles of the various parameters are presented. Bi-monthly cruises aboard the R/V Endeavor show only slight changes in the ring between April and June. Interactions between the ring and the Gulf Stream before the August cruise however, reduced the volume of the central core of the ring by about 90 percent.
  • Technical Report
    USNS Bartlett cruise 40-B data report
    (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1983-06) Stalcup, Marvel C. ; Joyce, Terrence M. ; Barbour, R. Lorraine
    A joint cruise with Dr. Michael Gregg of the Applied Physics Laboratory at the University of Washington was conducted from 8-24 January, 1983, aboard the USNS Bartlett to study the effects of wintertime cooling in a warm core ring. At the beginning of the cruise an XBT survey of ring 821 (found at 40°40'N, 66°W, east of the New England Seamounts) showed a rather confused pattern of surface temperature and salinity with the average depth of the mixed layer about 30m. On January 16-17, a storm passed near the ring with winds to 45 knots and temperatures below 0°C. An XBT survey at the end of the cruise showed that vertical mixing and cooling during the outbreak of cold air resulted in a more coherent pattern in the surface temperature and salinity of the ring and an increase in the thickness of the mixed layer to 180 m.
  • Technical Report
    Application of acoustic-doppler current profiler and expendable bathythermograph measurements to the study of the velocity structure and transport of the Gulf Stream
    (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1988-09) Joyce, Terrence M. ; Dunworth, Jane A. ; Schubert, David M. ; Stalcup, Marvel C. ; Barbour, R. Lorraine
    We have addressed the degree to which Acoustic-Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) and expendable bathythermograph (XBT) data can provide quantitative measurements of the velocity structure and transport of the Gulf Stream. An algorithm has been used to generate salinity from temperature and depth using an historical Temperature/Salinity relation for the NW Atlantic . Results have been simulated using CTD data and comparing real and pseudo salinity files. Errors are typically less than 2 dynamic cm for the upper 800 rn out of a total signal of 80 cm (across the Gulf Stream). When combined with ADCP data for a near-surface reference velocity, transport errors in isopycnal layers are less than about 1 Sv (106 rn3 /s), as is the difference in total transport for the upper 800 rn between real and pseudo data . The method is capable of measuring the real variability of the Gulf Stream, and when combined with altimeter data, can provide estimates of the geoid slope with oceanic errors of a few parts in 108 over horizontal scales of 500 krn .
  • Technical Report
    Cruise summaries of Oceanus cruises 205, leg 8, and 216
    (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1991-04) Joyce, Terrence M. ; Stalcup, Marvel C. ; Barbour, R. Lorraine ; Dunworth, Jane A. ; Schubert, David M.
    A study of the upper ocean thermal and density structure in the northwestern Atlantic in 1989 compared temperature and density measurements made with Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT) and Conductivity-Temperature-Depth instruments with current data from an acoustic Doppler current profiler and satellite infrared imagery and altimetry. Two cruises were made in the spring and winter of 1989 with the goal of directly measuring the upper ocean currents and variabilty of the Gulf Stream. The XBT observations were used to extend the measured velocities geostrophically from the near-surface region to depths of 750 meters, thereby allowing transport estimates to be made for the upper ocean. In April the measurments were compared and used with the GEOSAT altimeter which, unfortunately, was not operating during the December cruise.
  • Technical Report
    Hydrographic data from R/V Endeavor cruise #143
    (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1988-03) Stalcup, Marvel C. ; Joyce, Terrence M. ; Bullister, John L. ; Barbour, R. Lorraine ; Dunworth, Jane A.
    Hydrographic data collected during R/V Endeavor cruise 143 is presented as a preliminary study of subduction in the northeast Atlantic south of the Azores Front. The front is clearly defined at the northern end of CTD section #1 which also shows a layer of 16-18°C water subducted to the south. Section #2, 280 km to the east, is dominated by a large cyclonic ring with characteristics similar to 'eastern' rings reported earlier . An anomalously salty parcel of Mediterranean water in this section is typical of highly saline lenses seen in the Canary Basin.
  • Technical Report
    Hydrographic data from R/V Endeavor cruise #90
    (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1986-03) Stalcup, Marvel C. ; Joyce, Terrence M. ; Barbour, R. Lorraine ; Dunworth, Jane A.
    The final cruise of the NSF sponsored Warm Core Rings Program studied a Warm Core Ring (WCR) in the Fall of 1982 as it formed from a large northward meander of the Gulf Stream. This ring, known as 82-H or the eighth ring identified in 1982, formed over the New England Seamounts near 39.5°N, 65°W. Surveys using Expendable Bathythermographs, Conductivity-Temperature-DepthOxygen stations and Doppler Current Profiling provide a look at the genesis of a WCR. These measurements reveal that WCR 82-H separated from the Gulf Stream sometime between October 2-5. This ring was a typical WCR with a diameter of about 200 km and speeds in the high velocity core of 175 em/sec. Satellite imagery of 82-H following the cruise showed that it drifted WSW in the Slope Water region at almost 9 km/day, had at least one interaction with the Gulf Stream and was last observed on February 8, 1983 at 39°N, 72°W.