From the Preface: The 2014 Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Summer Study Program started on June 16th, with
the topic of Climate Physics and Dynamics. The topic proved very timely and attracted an
unprecedented number of applications from brilliant students. Professors Kerry Emanuel
(MIT) and Geoff Vallis (Exeter) gave the principal lectures. They began with the simplest
energy balance models and then included adjustment of the vertical profiles by convection
(dry and moist). Kerry delved more deeply into convection and the processes found in
"cloud-permitting" models, including island effects and the spontaneous formation of clusters
surrounded by dry regions. Geoff discussed the larger-scale dynamics of the atmosphere
and oceans, including the transports by eddies and the thermohaline circulation.
