MBLWHOI Library

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For over a century, the MBLWHOI Library has been the intellectual heart of the Woods Hole scientific community. Today the Library is internationally recognized as defining current trends and practices in marine information sciences and bioinformatics.

The Marine Biological Laboratory and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution maintain a vital partnership in the day-to-day operation of the MBLWHOI Library. The Library continues to build one of the most unique print and electronic literature collections in the biological, biomedical, ecological, and oceanographic sciences. The Library has broken the physical barriers of the charming village and surrounding waters of Woods Hole, to serve the cutting edge bio information needs of affiliated researchers worldwide, often no more than a single email message away.

In addition to serving MBL and WHOI scientists daily, the staff and resources of the MBLWHOI Library are utilized year round by the distinguished resident research and education programs of the MIT/WHOI Joint Program, the Sea Education Association, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, and the United States Geological Survey. The Library also supports a unique summer population of visiting researchers and students from more than 200 institutions worldwide.

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Anatomie menschlicher Embryonen. I. Embryonen des ersten Monats

(Verlag von F. C. W. Vogel, 1880) His, Wilhelm
The embryology of Crepidula : a contribution to the cell lineage and early development of some marine gasteropods

(Ginn & Company, 1897) Conklin, Edwin Grant

From the introduction: The purpose of the following work from its inception has been to make as careful a study as possible of the cleavage of the ovum, the formation of the germinal layers and definitive organs, and the axial relations of the ovum to the larval and adult axes. At the time when this work was begun, several years ago, scarcely any attempts had been made to trace the history of individual blastomeres through the entire development to the formation of definitive organs. The early stages of cleavage had received a great deal of attention, but the later stages had been largely neglected; and although the origin and homology of the germ layers was perhaps the most frequently discussed subject in embryology, yet the relation of these layers to the individual blastomeres of the cleaving ovum had been determined in comparatively few cases. Since that time a number of very valuable papers have appeared on this subject of “cell lineage,” as Wilson (‘92) has aptly termed it. The results of such work are no longer as novel as they were four or five years ago, and yet the general interest in the subject has greatly increased, and that, too, in spite of the fact that there is a growing school of biologists who believe that individual blastomeres have no necessary relation to future organs. The subject of germ layers is no longer so important as it was once considered; in fact, the theory of the homology of the germinal layers has met with so many difficulties of late that it is now generally maintained only in a greatly modified form. However, the fundamental idea which was prominent in germ-layer discussions is of vital interest to-day. In the whole history of the germ-layer theories I see an attempt to trace homologies back to their earliest beginnings. This problem is as important to-day as it ever was, and whether one find these earliest homologies in layers or regions or blastomeres or the unsegmented ovum itself, the quest is essentially the same.
The development of the frog's egg : an introduction to experimental embryology

(Macmillan Company, 1897) Morgan, Thomas Hunt

From the Preface: The development of the frog's egg was first made known through the studies of Swammerdam, Spallanzani, Rusconi, and von Baer. Their work laid the basis for all later research. More recently the experiments of Pfluger and of Roux on this egg have turned the attention of embryologists to the study of development from an experimental standpoint. Owing to the ease with which the frog's egg can be obtained, and its tenacity of life in a confined space, as well as its suitability for experimental work, it is an admirable subject with which to begin the study of vertebrate development. In the following pages an attempt is made to bring together the most important results of studies of the development of the frog's egg. I have attempted to give a continuous account of the development, as far as that is possible, from the time when the egg is forming to the moment when the young tadpole issues from the jelly-membranes. Especial weight has been laid on the results of experimental work, in the belief that the evidence from this source is the most instructive for an interpretation of the development. The evidence from the study of the normal development has, however, not been neglected, and wherever it has been possible I have attempted to combine the results of experiment and of observation, with the hope of more fully elucidating the changes that take place. Occasionally departures have been made from the immediate subject in hand in order to consider the results of other work having a close bearing on the problem under discussion. I have done this in the hope of pointing out more definite conclusions than could be drawn from the evidence of the frog's egg alone.
Oceanography : its scope, problems, and economic importance

(Houghton Mifflin Company, 1931) Bigelow, Henry Bryant

From the Foreward: This book is part of a report submitted to the National Academy of Sciences by its Committee on Oceanography appointed in accordance with the following resolution voted on April 27, 1927: 'That the President of the Academy be requested to appoint a Committee on Oceanography from the sections of the Academy concerned to consider the share of the United States of America in a world-wide program of Oceanographic Research and report to the Academy.' ... The book is an attempt to appraise the present condition of oceanographic research with reference to the more outstanding problems, so as to take bearings for future research.
Marine fouling and its prevention ; prepared for Bureau of Ships, Navy Dept.

(United States Naval Institute, 1952) Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution ; United States. Navy Dept. Bureau of Ships

From the Preface: This monograph is the outcome of investigations made by the staff of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for the Bureau of Ships, Navy Department, during the years 1940-1946. Although rapid progress in the improvement of antifouling paints was being made by the Navy paint laboratories at the time the work was initiated, it was the belief of the Bureau that scientific knowledge of the fouling process, and of the way in which protective coatings acted, was inadequate. We were consequently instructed to explore the fundamental basis on which preventive techniques must rest, rather than to attempt directly to improve existing paint formulations. At the same time every opportunity was afforded to our staff to become familiar with current problems and the means being employed to solve them. On the termination of the work it has seemed desirable to collect the results of our experience and to review them in relation to the total existing knowledge of the subject.
Atlantic Ocean atlas of temperature and salinity profiles and data from the International Geophysical Year of 1957-1958

(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1960) Fuglister, Frederick C.

From the Preface: Within the framework of the observational program in physical oceanography which was executed during the International Geophysical Year of 1957-58, the WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, in partial association with the NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY, England, performed a methodical oceanographic survey covering most of the Atlantic Ocean. Supplemented with similar observations made in the western North Atlantic just prior to the IGY, the data obtained constitute a comprehensive new body of information pertaining to the circulation of the entire Atlantic. To summarize many of the observations in a particularly useful and efficient manner, as well as to perform a fundamental analysis upon them, the following atlas of Atlantic thermohaline structure has been prepared. Although distributions of other properties measured on these cruises might also have been depicted in this volume, it was felt that a more coherent and serviceable atlas would be produced if attention were concentrated exclusively upon temperature and salinity; the measurements of these two variables, moreover, are of consistent quality, since they were all made by a single small research group employing the same techniques and equipment throughout the survey period.
Notes on methods for the narcotization, killing, fixation, and preservation of marine organisms

(Marine Biological Laboratory, 1963) Russell, Henry D.

From the Foreward: An important activity of the Systematics-Ecology Program is the preparation of a study collection of the marine organisms of the Cape Cod region. Preparation of animal specimens requires careful narcotization, killing, fixation, and preservation.
Keys to marine invertebrates of the Woods Hole region : a manual for the identification of the more common marine invertebrates

(Marine Biological Laboratory, 1964) Smith, Ralph I.

From the Preface: This handbook of keys is an attempt to fill an obvious need at Woods Hole, the need for a general reference on marine invertebrates for the use of students and investigators who want to know what is here and how to identify it.
Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos

(Marine Biological Laboratory, 1971) Costello, Donald P. ; Henley, Catherine

From the Preface: The Introduction to the first edition of this book (1957) (see page viii) stated that the volume was admittedly incomplete, and that new methods for obtaining, handling and studying marine eggs and embryos would undoubtedly be forthcoming. This prediction has been abundantly borne out in the intervening 14 years, and a complete revision of the book is clearly called for. A major re-writing is now (June, 1971) in progress. However, steadily continuing sales have resulted in the first edition going out of print, and it seemed advisable to re-issue it, with certain minor changes, as a stopgap measure, pending the major re-writing in progress. In the interim, it is appropriate here to point out some of the newer sources of information now available, and to note a few of the advances which have been made since 1957.
A guide to laboratory use of the squid Loligo pealei

(Marine Biological Laboratory, 1974) Arnold, John M. ; Summers, William C. ; Gilbert, Daniel L. ; Manalis, Richard S. ; Daw, Nigel W. ; Lasek, Raymond J.

From the Preface: Unfortunately, a guide like this one does not happen simply. It is the product of polite requests (at first polite, anyway) from colleagues, of mutual nagging, and of wives with persistant memories. What we are attempting to achieve with this contribution is a consolidation of many years of personal experience with squid into a source of practical information hopefully useful to the increasing number of people working with the squid. One does not undertake the task of preparing such a guide for a limited audience with unreserved enthusiasm. It always seems the same amount of work could produce something for a larger audience and therefore, hopefully, of greater significance. On the other hand when the hours and days spent on developing handling procedures, techniques, and "tricks of the squid trade" are considered it seems untenable not to pass this otherwise unpublishable data on in hope of saving others like pain and time. Therefore, what we have attempted to do is informally put together information that should prove useful to people interested in all aspects of squid biology. In this way we hope to make the laboratory utilization of the squid more efficient not only from the standpoint of the investigator and the collector but also for the future of the species Loligo pealei.
The tides of the waters of New England and New York

(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1980) Redfield, Alfred C.

From the Preface: This book is written for the many intelligent people who work or play along the coast between Sandy Hook and the Bay of Fundy in the hope that it will give them a better understanding of matters which greatly influence the daily ordering of their activities. It may be of value to the serious student of the tides, at the beginning as an introduction to tidal theory and later as a summary of the tides on this particular coast. The stretch of coast considered and the off-lying ocean contain examples of practically all known tidal phenomena. The book is based for the most part on information given in the tide and current tables published by the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, formerly the Coast and Geodetic Survey. It is not intended to replace these tables if one would know what to expect at any particular place on any particular day. Rather, it attempts to explain why the tide locally is as it is and why it varies from place to place.
An Arctic ecosystem : the coastal tundra at Barrow, Alaska

(Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, Inc., 1980) Brown, Jerry ; Miller, Philip C. ; Tieszen, Larry L. ; Bunnell, Fred

From the Foreward: This book is one of a series of volumes reporting results of research by U. S. scientists participating in the International Biological Program (IBP). As one of the 58 nations taking part in the IBP during the period July 1967 to June 1974 , the United States organized a number of large, multidisciplinary studies pertinent to the central IBP theme of "the biological basis of productivity and human welfare."
Warm Core Ring Project 17 Sept. - 7 Oct., 1981

(Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 1983-02) Langton, Elizabeth W. ; Phinney, David A.
Warm Core Ring Project 19 April - 6 May, 1982

(Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 1983-12) Phinney, David A. ; Langton, Elizabeth W. ; Garside, Jean C.

The second cruise of the Warm Core Rings program marks the beginning of an intensive season of field study. Again, our interests are primarily concerned with measuring the bio-optical properties of rings and surrounding water masses. Through our observations of the horizontal and vertical distributions of phytoplankton and their pigments concurrent with observations of the submarine light field, we attempt to further our understanding of the relationship between light and photosynthetic organisms in the sea, and our ability to remotely sense them. Several modifications to the main objectives of the program's field efforts, from those of October 1981, are to be noted. Studies of ring 81-D in October 1981 was the first attempt for many investigators to make measurements in the unique environment of a warm core ring. As the likelihood of the ring surviving until the following field season was slim, no attempt was made to revisit the ring. Physical measurements were made from a constantly mobile platform, R/V Endeavor, while the biological platform, R/V Atlantis II, sat on station for days. Biological measurements ~vere spatially divided into three sub-areas: slope water, ring center, and the high velocity region.With our feet wet, the strategy was now to select a ring that would be long lived, such that it could be revisited several times during the field season. lfhile the physical measurements were being made in much the same fashion from R/V Endeavor, biologists were split among R/V Knorr and R/V Oceanus, with a resultant increase in mobility. Finally, measurements of the surrounding water masses grew to include the Gulf Stream and Sargasso Sea.
Warm Core Ring Project 12-29 June, 1982

(Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 1984-01) Phinney, David A. ; Garside, Jean C. ; Langton, Elizabeth W.

The main objective of the third warm core ring cruise was revisitation of ring 82-B and the surrounding water masses. Located off the Baltimore Canyon, 82-B continued to be \vell suited to the program. With activities aboard the three ships now well coordinated, the mobility of R/V Knorr continued to increase. Two cross section transects of the ring as well as Slope water, Gulf Stream and Sargasso Sea stations were occupied. Our interests are concerned with measuring the bio-optical properties of rings and surrounding water masses .in support of remote sensing. This is the third in a series of technical reports produced by Bigelow Laboratory in the present format as part of the Warm Core Rings Project.
Journal use study.

(IAMSLIC, 1985) Norton, Cathy N.
Georges Bank

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987) Backus, Richard H.

Georges Bank provides a basic and indispensable reference tool for anyone involved in studying the bank or in making decisions about its use. Until now debates about alternative uses of the bank have been hampered by the fact that much of the basic research has been available only to specialists and has been scattered among many publications. In bringing the available information on this complex region together for the first time, Georges Bank provides a basic and indispensable reference tool for anyone involved in studying the bank or in making decisions about its use. Moreover, the depth and clarity of the book's 57 articles and 8 nontechnical introductions will make it useful for anyone involved in oceanographic or ocean policy studies.Sections cover all aspects of this huge marine ecosystem - geology, weather and climate, physical oceanography, chemistry, phytoplankton, primary production, zoology and secondary production, the fisheries, and conflicting uses. Georges Bank is the first major project of the Coastal Research Center of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The editor-in-chief, Richard H. Backus, is chairman of the Institutions's biology department. Includes 176 six-color maps, 54 four-color illustrations - 392 charts, graphs, and drawings.
Using library services for fund raising

(IAMSLIC, 1990) Ashmore, Judith A.
Money: where is it?

(IAMSLIC, 1990) Norton, Cathy N.
Radiolaria : flux, ecology, and taxonomy in the Pacific and Atlantic

(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1991) Takahashi, Kozo ; Honjo, Susumu

Radiolarians setting through the oceanic water column were recovered from three stations (western tropical Atlantic, Station E; central tropical Pacific, Station P1; and Panama Basin, Station PB) using PARFLUX sediment traps in moored arrays at several depths. The taxonomic diversity of the radiolarian assemblages in the sediment traps was very high. A total of 420 taxa (including 23 new taxa) were found at the three stations; of these 208 taxa were found at Station E. The polycystine radiolarians generally reach the sea floor with little change in abundance or species composition, although slight skeletal dissolution occurs during their descent through the water column. The phaeodarian radiolarians, on the other hand, are largely dissolved within the water column; only a few species reach the sea-floor and these dissolve rapidly at the sediment-water interface. Most radiolarian skeletons sink as individuals through deep water columns without being incorporated into large biogenic aggregates. Because significant numbers of nassellarian and phaeodarian species are deep-water dwelling forms, the diversity of radiolarians increases with increasing depth in the mesopelagic zone. The vertical flux of the total radiolarians arriving at the trap depths (in x 103 individuals/m2/day) ranged from 16-24 at Station E, 0.6-17 at Station Pl, and 29-53 at Station PB. On the average 25% and 69% of the total radiolarian flux is transported by Spumellaria and Nassellaria, respectively, while 5% is carried by Phaeodaria. The supply of radiolarian silica (mg Si02/m2/day) to each trap depth ranged from 2.5-4.0 at Station E, 0.9-3.2 at Station Pl, and 5.7-10.4 at Station PB. The Radiolaria appear to be a significantly large portion of the Si02 flux in the > 63 μm size fraction and thus play an important role in the silica cycle. When the radiolarian fluxes at the three stations are compared with Holocene radiolarian accumulation rates in the same areas it became apparent that several percent or less of the fluxes are preserved in the sediment in all cases and the rest must be dissolved on the sea-floor.

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