A brief review of cephalopod behavioral responses to sound

Abstract

Sound is a widely available cue in aquatic environments and is used by many marine animals for vital behaviors. Most research has focused on marine vertebrates. Relatively little is known about sound detection in marine invertebrates despite their abundance and importance in marine environments. Cephalopods are a key taxon in many ecosystems but their behavioral interactions relative to acoustic stimuli have seldom been studied. Here we review current knowledge regarding (i) frequency ranges and sound levels that generate behavioral responses, (ii) the types of behavioral responses and their biological relevance.