A standardisation framework for bio-logging data to advance ecological research and conservation
A standardisation framework for bio-logging data to advance ecological research and conservation
Date
2021-03-15
Authors
Sequeira, Ana M. M.
O'Toole, Malcolm
Keates, Theresa R.
McDonnell, Laura H.
Braun, Camrin D.
Hoenner, Xavier
Jaine, Fabrice R. A.
Jonsen, Ian
Newman, Peggy
Pye, Jonathan
Bograd, Steven
Hays, Graeme
Hazen, Elliott L.
Holland, Melinda
Tsontos, Vardis
Blight, Clint
Cagnacci, Francesca
Davidson, Sarah C.
Dettki, Holger
Duarte, Carlos M.
Dunn, Daniel C.
Eguíluz, Víctor M.
Fedak, Michael
Gleiss, Adrian C.
Hammerschlag, Neil
Hindell, Mark
Holland, Kim
Janekovic, Ivica
McKinzie, Megan K.
Muelbert, Monica M. C.
Pattiaratchi, Charitha
Rutz, Christian
Sims, David W.
Simmons, Samantha E.
Townsend, Brendal
Whoriskey, Frederick G.
Woodward, Bill
Costa, Daniel P.
Heupel, Michelle R.
McMahon, Clive R.
Harcourt, Robert
Weise, Michael
O'Toole, Malcolm
Keates, Theresa R.
McDonnell, Laura H.
Braun, Camrin D.
Hoenner, Xavier
Jaine, Fabrice R. A.
Jonsen, Ian
Newman, Peggy
Pye, Jonathan
Bograd, Steven
Hays, Graeme
Hazen, Elliott L.
Holland, Melinda
Tsontos, Vardis
Blight, Clint
Cagnacci, Francesca
Davidson, Sarah C.
Dettki, Holger
Duarte, Carlos M.
Dunn, Daniel C.
Eguíluz, Víctor M.
Fedak, Michael
Gleiss, Adrian C.
Hammerschlag, Neil
Hindell, Mark
Holland, Kim
Janekovic, Ivica
McKinzie, Megan K.
Muelbert, Monica M. C.
Pattiaratchi, Charitha
Rutz, Christian
Sims, David W.
Simmons, Samantha E.
Townsend, Brendal
Whoriskey, Frederick G.
Woodward, Bill
Costa, Daniel P.
Heupel, Michelle R.
McMahon, Clive R.
Harcourt, Robert
Weise, Michael
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DOI
10.1111/2041-210X.13593
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Keywords
bio-logging template
data accessibility and interoperability
data standards
metadata templates
movement ecology
sensors
telemetry
tracking
data accessibility and interoperability
data standards
metadata templates
movement ecology
sensors
telemetry
tracking
Abstract
1. Bio-logging data obtained by tagging animals are key to addressing global conservation challenges. However, the many thousands of existing bio-logging datasets are not easily discoverable, universally comparable, nor readily accessible through existing repositories and across platforms, slowing down ecological research and effective management. A set of universal standards is needed to ensure discoverability, interoperability and effective translation of bio-logging data into research and management recommendations.
2. We propose a standardisation framework adhering to existing data principles (FAIR: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable; and TRUST: Transparency, Responsibility, User focus, Sustainability and Technology) and involving the use of simple templates to create a data flow from manufacturers and researchers to compliant repositories, where automated procedures should be in place to prepare data availability into four standardised levels: (a) decoded raw data, (b) curated data, (c) interpolated data and (d) gridded data. Our framework allows for integration of simple tabular arrays (e.g. csv files) and creation of sharable and interoperable network Common Data Form (netCDF) files containing all the needed information for accuracy-of-use, rightful attribution (ensuring data providers keep ownership through the entire process) and data preservation security.
3. We show the standardisation benefits for all stakeholders involved, and illustrate the application of our framework by focusing on marine animals and by providing examples of the workflow across all data levels, including filled templates and code to process data between levels, as well as templates to prepare netCDF files ready for sharing.
4. Adoption of our framework will facilitate collection of Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) in support of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) and inter-governmental assessments (e.g. the World Ocean Assessment), and will provide a starting point for broader efforts to establish interoperable bio-logging data formats across all fields in animal ecology.
Description
© The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Sequeira, A. M. M., O'Toole, M., Keates, T. R., McDonnell, L. H., Braun, C. D., Hoenner, X., Jaine, F. R. A., Jonsen, I. D., Newman, P., Pye, J., Bograd, S. J., Hays, G. C., Hazen, E. L., Holland, M., Tsontos, V. M., Blight, C., Cagnacci, F., Davidson, S. C., Dettki, H., Duarte, C. M., Dunn, D. C., Eguiluz, V. M., Fedak, M., Gleiss, A. C., Hammerschlag, N., Hindell, M. A., Holland, K., Janekovic, I., McKinzie, M. K., Muelbert, M. M. C., Pattiaratchi, C., Rutz, C., Sims, D. W., Simmons, S. E., Townsend, B., Whoriskey, F., Woodward, B., Costa, D. P., Heupel, M. R., McMahon, C. R., Harcourt, R., & Weise, M. A standardisation framework for bio-logging data to advance ecological research and conservation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 12, (2021): 996–1007, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13593.
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Sequeira, A. M. M., O'Toole, M., Keates, T. R., McDonnell, L. H., Braun, C. D., Hoenner, X., Jaine, F. R. A., Jonsen, I. D., Newman, P., Pye, J., Bograd, S. J., Hays, G. C., Hazen, E. L., Holland, M., Tsontos, V. M., Blight, C., Cagnacci, F., Davidson, S. C., Dettki, H., Duarte, C. M., Dunn, D. C., Eguiluz, V. M., Fedak, M., Gleiss, A. C., Hammerschlag, N., Hindell, M. A., Holland, K., Janekovic, I., McKinzie, M. K., Muelbert, M. M. C., Pattiaratchi, C., Rutz, C., Sims, D. W., Simmons, S. E., Townsend, B., Whoriskey, F., Woodward, B., Costa, D. P., Heupel, M. R., McMahon, C. R., Harcourt, R., & Weise, M. (2021). A standardisation framework for bio-logging data to advance ecological research and conservation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 12, 996–1007.