Hogg Alan G.

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Hogg
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Alan G.
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  • Preprint
    Comment on "Radiocarbon calibration curve spanning 0 to 50,000 years BP based on paired 230Th/234U/238U and 14C dates on pristine corals" by R.G. Fairbanks et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (2005) 1781-1796), and "Extending the radiocarbon calibration beyond 26,000 years before present using fossil corals" by T.-C. Chiu et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (2005) 1797-1808).
    ( 2006-02) Reimer, Paula J. ; Baillie, Mike G. L. ; Bard, Edouard ; Beck, J. Warren ; Blackwell, Paul G. ; Buck, Caitlin E. ; Burr, George S. ; Edwards, R. Lawrence ; Friedrich, Michael ; Guilderson, Thomas P. ; Hogg, Alan G. ; Hughen, Konrad A. ; Kromer, Bernd ; McCormac, Gerry ; Manning, Sturt ; Reimer, Ron W. ; Southon, John R. ; Stuiver, Minze ; van der Plicht, Johannes ; Weyhenmeyer, Constanze E.
    A recently published radiocarbon calibration curve extending to 50,000 cal BP (Fairbanks et al. 2005) is purportedly superior to that generated by the IntCal working group beyond the end of the tree-ring data at 12,400 cal BP (Reimer et al. 2004). This claim is based, in part, on different diagenetic screening criteria and pretreatment for coral samples (Fairbanks et al. 2005; Chiu et al. 2005) which do not stand up under careful scrutiny. Also at issue is the conversion of the coral-based calibration curve to an atmospheric curve where large inter-annual variability in the sea-surface age reservoir age has been observed in the southwest Pacific where one of two sets of corals used were sampled. In addition we comment on the seemingly ad hoc statistical methods utilized by Fairbanks et al. (2005) to construct their curve. We recognize the value of the Fairbanks et al. (2005) coral radiocarbon data set, but reassert the need for multiple, independently derived data to provide confirmation and validation to all radiocarbon calibration data. This is especially important before 26,000 cal BP when lower sea-levels of the last glacial maximum exposed most coral samples to alteration by fresh water.
  • Article
    IntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0–50,000 years cal BP
    (Dept. of Geosciences, University of Arizona, 2009-12) Reimer, Paula J. ; Bard, Edouard ; Bayliss, Alex ; Beck, J. Warren ; Blackwell, Paul G. ; Bronk Ramsey, Christopher ; Buck, Caitlin E. ; Cheng, Hai ; Edwards, R. Lawrence ; Friedrich, Michael ; Grootes, Pieter M. ; Guilderson, Thomas P. ; Haflidason, Haflidi ; Hajdas, Irka ; Hatte, Christine ; Heaton, Timothy J. ; Hoffmann, Dirk L. ; Hogg, Alan G. ; Hughen, Konrad A. ; Kaiser, K. Felix ; Kromer, Bernd ; Manning, Sturt W. ; Niu, Mu ; Reimer, Ron W. ; Richards, David A. ; Scott, E. Marian ; Southon, John R. ; Staff, Richard A. ; Turney, Christian S. M. ; van der Plicht, Johannes
    The IntCal04 and Marine04 radiocarbon calibration curves have been updated from 12 cal kBP (cal kBP is here defined as thousands of calibrated years before AD 1950), and extended to 50 cal kBP, utilizing newly available data sets that meet the IntCal Working Group criteria for pristine corals and other carbonates and for quantification of uncertainty in both the 14C and calendar timescales as established in 2002. No change was made to the curves from 0–12 cal kBP. The curves were constructed using a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) implementation of the random walk model used for IntCal04 and Marine04. The new curves were ratified at the 20th International Radiocarbon Conference in June 2009 and are available in the Supplemental Material at www.radiocarbon.org.
  • Article
    IntCal04 terrestrial radiocarbon age calibration, 0-26 cal kyr BP
    (Dept. of Geosciences, University of Arizona, 2004) Reimer, Paula J. ; Baillie, Mike G. L. ; Bard, Edouard ; Bayliss, Alex ; Beck, J. Warren ; Bertrand, Chanda J. H. ; Blackwell, Paul G. ; Buck, Caitlin E. ; Burr, George S. ; Cutler, Kirsten B. ; Damon, Paul E. ; Edwards, R. Lawrence ; Fairbanks, Richard G. ; Friedrich, Michael ; Guilderson, Thomas P. ; Hogg, Alan G. ; Hughen, Konrad A. ; Kromer, Bernd ; McCormac, Gerry ; Manning, Sturt ; Bronk Ramsey, Christopher ; Reimer, Ron W. ; Remmele, Sabine ; Southon, John R. ; Stuiver, Minze ; Talamo, Sahra ; Taylor, F. W. ; van der Plicht, Johannes ; Weyhenmeyer, Constanze E.
    A new calibration curve for the conversion of radiocarbon ages to calibrated (cal) ages has been constructed and internationally ratified to replace IntCal98, which extended from 0–24 cal kyr BP (Before Present, 0 cal BP = AD 1950). The new calibration data set for terrestrial samples extends from 0–26 cal kyr BP, but with much higher resolution beyond 11.4 cal kyr BP than IntCal98. Dendrochronologically-dated tree-ring samples cover the period from 0–12.4 cal kyr BP. Beyond the end of the tree rings, data from marine records (corals and foraminifera) are converted to the atmospheric equivalent with a site-specific marine reservoir correction to provide terrestrial calibration from 12.4–26.0 cal kyr BP. A substantial enhancement relative to IntCal98 is the introduction of a coherent statistical approach based on a random walk model, which takes into account the uncertainty in both the calendar age and the 14C age to calculate the underlying calibration curve (Buck and Blackwell, this issue). The tree-ring data sets, sources of uncertainty, and regional offsets are discussed here. The marine data sets and calibration curve for marine samples from the surface mixed layer (Marine04) are discussed in brief, but details are presented in Hughen et al. (this issue a). We do not make a recommendation for calibration beyond 26 cal kyr BP at this time; however, potential calibration data sets are compared in another paper (van der Plicht et al., this issue).