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    The effect of elevated carbon dioxide on the sinking and swimming of the shelled pteropod Limacina retroversa

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    Author's manuscript, inc. supplement (1002.Kb)
    Date
    2017-01
    Author
    Bergan, Alexander J.  Concept link
    Lawson, Gareth L.  Concept link
    Maas, Amy E.  Concept link
    Wang, Zhaohui Aleck  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/9346
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx008
    Keyword
     Ocean acidification; Shell condition; Locomotion; Thecosome pteropod 
    Abstract
    Shelled pteropods are planktonic molluscs that may be affected by ocean acidification. Limacina retroversa from the Gulf of Maine were used to investigate the impact of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) on shell condition as well as swimming and sinking behaviours. Limacina retroversa were maintained at either ambient (ca. 400 μatm) or two levels of elevated CO2 (800 and 1200 μatm) for up to four weeks, and then examined for changes in shell transparency, sinking speed, and swimming behaviour assessed through a variety of metrics (e.g., speed, path tortuosity, wing beat frequency). After exposures to elevated CO2 for as little as four days, the pteropod shells were significantly darker and more opaque in the elevated CO2 treatments. Sinking speeds were significantly slower for pteropods exposed to medium and high CO2 in comparison to the ambient treatment. Swimming behaviour showed less clear patterns of response to treatment and duration of exposure, but overall, swimming did not appear to be hindered under elevated CO2. Sinking is used by L. retroversa for predator evasion, and altered speeds and increased visibility could increase the susceptibility of pteropods to predation.
    Description
    Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2017. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here under a nonexclusive, irrevocable, paid-up, worldwide license granted to WHOI. It is made available for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in ICES Journal of Marine Science 74 (2017): 1893–1905, doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsx008.
    Collections
    • Biology
    • Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry (MC&G)
    Suggested Citation
    Preprint: Bergan, Alexander J., Lawson, Gareth L., Maas, Amy E., Wang, Zhaohui Aleck, "The effect of elevated carbon dioxide on the sinking and swimming of the shelled pteropod Limacina retroversa", 2017-01, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx008, https://hdl.handle.net/1912/9346
     

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