Integrating comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and downhole fluid analysis to validate a spill-fill sequence of reservoirs with variations of biodegradation, water washing and thermal maturity
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2016-09Author
Forsythe, Jerimiah C.
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Martin, Robin
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De Santo, Ilaria
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Tyndall, Richard
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Arman, Kate
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Pye, Jonathan
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De Nicolais, Nelly
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Nelson, Robert K.
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Pomerantz, Andrew E.
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Kenyon-Roberts, Stephen
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Zuo, Julian Y.
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Betancourt, Soraya S.
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Reddy, Christopher M.
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Peters, Kenneth E.
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Mullins, Oliver C.
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https://hdl.handle.net/1912/8689As published
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.11.081Abstract
Optimization of crude oil production depends heavily on crude oil composition and its variation within individual reservoirs and across multiple reservoirs. In particular, asphaltene content has an enormous impact on crude oil viscosity and even the economic value of the fluids in the reservoir. Thus, it is highly desirable to understand the primary controls on crude oil composition and asphaltene distributions in reservoirs. Here, a complex oilfield in the North Sea containing six separate reservoirs is addressed. The crude oil is believed to have spilled out of deeper reservoirs into shallower reservoirs during the overall reservoir charging process. Asphaltene content is measured in-situ through downhole fluid analysis and is generally consistent with a spill-fill sequence in reservoir charging. Detailed compositional analysis of crude oil samples by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) is used to determine the extent and variation among the reservoirs of water washing, biodegradation and thermal maturity. Increased biodegradation and water washing in the shallower reservoirs is consistent with a spill-fill sequence. The water washing is evidently assisted by biodegradation. Moreover, analyses of four thermal maturity biomarkers show that shallower reservoirs contain less mature oil, again consistent with a spill-fill sequence. The combination of DFA for bulk compositional analysis and GC×GC for detailed compositional analysis with geochemical interpretation is an effective tool for unraveling complex oilfield scenarios.
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Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2016. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Fuel 191 (2017): 538-554, doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.11.081.
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Preprint: Forsythe, Jerimiah C., Martin, Robin, De Santo, Ilaria, Tyndall, Richard, Arman, Kate, Pye, Jonathan, De Nicolais, Nelly, Nelson, Robert K., Pomerantz, Andrew E., Kenyon-Roberts, Stephen, Zuo, Julian Y., Betancourt, Soraya S., Reddy, Christopher M., Peters, Kenneth E., Mullins, Oliver C., "Integrating comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and downhole fluid analysis to validate a spill-fill sequence of reservoirs with variations of biodegradation, water washing and thermal maturity", 2016-09, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.11.081, https://hdl.handle.net/1912/8689Related items
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