RSS 1.0Geology and Geophysics (G&G)
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Scientists in the G&G Department seek knowledge of the structure, composition, and dynamics of the earth’s interior, the origin and evolution of the earth’s crust, controls on ocean and climate change on time scales of decades to 100 million years, and processes of mass and energy transfer at the land-sea interface.
Recent Submissions
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Crustal magmatic system beneath the east pacific rise (8 degrees 20 to 10 degrees 10N): Implications for tectonomagmatic segmentation and crustal melt transport at fast-spreading ridges
(American Geophysical Union, 2018-11-06)Detailed images of the midcrustal magmatic system beneath the East Pacific Rise (8°20′–10°10′N) are obtained from 2‐D and 3‐D‐swath processing of along axis seismic data and are used to characterize properties of the axial ... -
Constraining instantaneous fluxes and integrated compositions of fluvially discharged organic matter
(American Geophysical Union, 2018-06-07)Fluvial export of organic carbon (OC) and burial in ocean sediments comprises an important carbon sink, but fluxes remain poorly constrained, particularly for specific organic components. Here OC and lipid biomarker contents ... -
Cold tropical Pacific Sea surface temperatures during the late sixteenth-century North American megadrought
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-09-21)The late 16th‐century North American megadrought was notable for its persistence, extent, intensity, and occurrence after the main interval of megadrought activity during the Medieval Climate Anomaly. Forcing from sea ... -
Climatically driven changes in the supply of terrigenous sediment to the East China Sea
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-08-11)We examine the paleoceanographic record over the last ∼400 kyr derived from major, trace, and rare earth elements in bulk sediment from two sites in the East China Sea drilled during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program ... -
Temporal deconvolution of vascular plant-derived fatty acids exported from terrestrial watersheds
(2018-09)Relatively little is known about the amount of time that lapses between the photosynthetic fixation of carbon by vascular land plants and its incorporation into the marine sedimentary record, yet the dynamics of terrestrial ... -
Nucleosynthetic vanadium isotope heterogeneity of the early solar system recorded in chondritic meteorites
(2018-10)Vanadium (V) isotopes have been hypothesized to record irradiation processes in the early solar system through production of the minor 50V isotope. However, because V only possesses two stable isotopes it is difficult ... -
Near-surface environmentally forced changes in the Ross Ice Shelf observed with ambient seismic noise
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-10-16)Continuous seismic observations across the Ross Ice Shelf reveal ubiquitous ambient resonances at frequencies >5 Hz. These firn‐trapped surface wave signals arise through wind and snow bedform interactions coupled with ... -
A lack of dynamic triggering of slow slip and tremor indicates that the shallow Cascadia megathrust offshore Vancouver Island is likely locked
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-10-27)Great subduction zone earthquakes vary considerably in the updip extent of megathrust rupture. It is unclear if this diversity reflects variations in interseismic strain accumulation owing to the limited number of subduction ... -
Submarine deep‐water lava flows at the base of the western Galápagos Platform
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-10-25)To investigate the initial phases of magmatism at the leading edge of the upwelling mantle plume, we mapped, photographed, and collected samples from two long, deep‐water lava flows located at the western base of the ... -
Neoglacial climate anomalies and the Harappan metamorphosis
(Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, 2018-11-13)Climate exerted constraints on the growth and decline of past human societies but our knowledge of temporal and spatial climatic patterns is often too restricted to address causal connections. At a global scale, the ... -
Coupled model biases breed spurious low‐frequency variability in the tropical Pacific Ocean
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-10-07)Coupled general circulation model (GCM) biases in the tropical Pacific are substantial, including a westward extended cold sea surface temperature (SST) bias linked to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Investigation of ... -
Climbing the crustal ladder : magma storage-depth evolution during a volcanic flare-up
(American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2018-10-10)Very large eruptions (>50 km3) and supereruptions (>450 km3) reveal Earth’s capacity to produce and store enormous quantities (>1000 km3) of crystal-poor, eruptible magma in the shallow crust. We explore the interplay ... -
Using surface waves recorded by a large mesh of three-element arrays to detect and locate disparate seismic sources
(Oxford University Press, 2018-07-28)Surface waves recorded by global arrays have proven useful for locating tectonic earthquakes and in detecting slip events depleted in high frequency, such as glacial quakes. We develop a novel method using an aggregation ... -
The final stages of slip and volcanism on an oceanic detachment fault at 13°48′N, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-09-14)While processes associated with initiation and maintenance of oceanic detachment faults are becoming better constrained, much less is known about the tectonic and magmatic conditions that lead to fault abandonment. Here ... -
U‐PB detrital zircon geochronology of the Lower Danube and Its tributaries : implications for the geology of the Carpathians
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-09-14)We performed a detrital zircon (DZ) U‐Pb geochronologic survey of the lower parts of the Danube River approaching its Danube delta, Black Sea sink, and a few large tributaries (Tisza, Jiu, Olt, and Siret) originating in ... -
Repeat bleaching of a central Pacific coral reef over the past six decades (1960–2016)
(Nature Publishing Group, 2018-11-08)The oceans are warming and coral reefs are bleaching with increased frequency and severity, fueling concerns for their survival through this century. Yet in the central equatorial Pacific, some of the world’s most productive ... -
Southern Hemisphere forcing of South Asian monsoon precipitation over the past ~1 million years
(Nature Publishing Group, 2018-11-08)The orbital-scale timing of South Asian monsoon (SAM) precipitation is poorly understood. Here we present new SST and seawater δ18O (δ18Osw) records from the Bay of Bengal, the core convective region of the South Asian ... -
Radiocarbon dating of the old ash of Aiton, Romania
(Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, 2018)The article reports the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon investigation results of the old common ash of Aiton. Five wood samples were collected from the trunk of the tree. The deepest ends of the samples ... -
The crust and upper mantle structure of central and West Antarctica from Bayesian inversion of Rayleigh Wave and receiver functions
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-09-22)We construct a new seismic model for central and West Antarctica by jointly inverting Rayleigh wave phase and group velocities along with P wave receiver functions. Ambient noise tomography exploiting data from more than ... -
Predictive modelling of grain-size distributions from marine electromagnetic profiling data using end-member analysis and a radial basis function network
(Oxford University Press, 2018-04-17)In this work, we present a new methodology to predict grain-size distributions from geophysical data. Specifically, electric conductivity and magnetic susceptibility of seafloor sediments recovered from electromagnetic ...
