RSS 1.0Geology and Geophysics (G&G)
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Scientists in the G&G Department seek knowledge of the structure, composition, and dynamics of the earth’s interior, the origin and evolution of the earth’s crust, controls on ocean and climate change on time scales of decades to 100 million years, and processes of mass and energy transfer at the land-sea interface.
Recent Submissions
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A new neolepadid cirripede from a Pleistocene cold seep, Krishna-Godavari Basin, offshore India
(Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Instytut Paleobiologii, 2020-04-22)alves of a thoracican cirripede belonging to a new species of the Neolepadidae, Ashinkailepas indica Gale sp. nov. are described from a Late Pleistocene cold seep (52.6 ka), cored in the Krishna-Godavari Basin, offshore ... -
What can we learn from X-ray fluorescence core scanning data? A paleomonsoon case study
(American Geophysical Union, 2020-01-12)X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning of marine and lake sediments has been extensively used to study changes in past environmental and climatic processes over a range of timescales. The interpretation of XRF‐derived ... -
Exploring new frontiers in marine radioisotope tracing - adapting to new opportunities and challenges
(Frontiers Media, 2020-06-03)Radioisotopes have been used in earth and environmental sciences for over 150 years and provide unique tools to study environmental processes in great detail from a cellular level through to an oceanic basin scale. These ... -
Soothsaying DOM: A current perspective on the future of oceanic dissolved organic carbon
(Frontiers Media, 2020-05-25)The vast majority of freshly produced oceanic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is derived from marine phytoplankton, then rapidly recycled by heterotrophic microbes. A small fraction of this DOC survives long enough to be ... -
Anomalous delta C-13 in particulate organic carbon at the chemoautotrophy maximum in the Cariaco Basin
(Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences, 2020-01-30)A chemoautotrophy maximum is present in many anoxic basins at the sulfidic layer's upper boundary, but the factors controlling this feature are poorly understood. In 13 of 31 cruises to the Cariaco Basin, particulate organic ... -
Imprint of trace dissolved oxygen on prokaryoplankton community structure in an oxygen minimum zone
(Frontiers Media, 2020-05-26)The Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) is a large, persistent, and intensifying oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) that accounts for almost half of the total area of global OMZs. Within the OMZ core (∼350–700 m depth), dissolved ... -
Magnetic mineral populations in lower oceanic crustal gabbros (Atlantis Bank, SW Indian Ridge): implications for marine magnetic anomalies
(American Geophysical Union, 2020-02-28)To learn more about magnetic properties of the lower ocean crust and its contributions to marine magnetic anomalies, gabbro samples were collected from International Ocean Discovery Program Hole U1473A at Atlantis Bank on ... -
Assessing the potential capability of reconstructing glacial Atlantic water masses and AMOC using multiple proxies in CESM
(Elsevier, 2020-05-06)Reconstructing the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is essential for understanding glacial-interglacial climate change and the carbon cycle. However, despite many ... -
Melt segregation and depletion during ascent of buoyant diapirs in subduction zones
(American Geophysical Union, 2020-01-31)Cold, low‐density diapirs arising from hydrated mantle and/or subducted sediments on the top of subducting slabs have been invoked to transport key chemical signatures to the source region of arc magmas. However, to date ... -
Intense hurricane activity over the past 1500 years at South Andros Island, the Bahamas
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-10-19)Hurricanes cause substantial loss of life and resources in coastal areas. Unfortunately, historical hurricane records are too short and incomplete to capture hurricane‐climate interactions on multi‐decadal and longer ... -
Seismicity of the incoming plate and forearc near the Mariana Trench recorded by ocean bottom seismographs
(American Geophysical Union, 2020-04-06)Earthquakes near oceanic trenches are important for studying incoming plate bending and updip thrust zone seismogenesis, yet are poorly constrained using seismographs on land. We use an ocean bottom seismograph (OBS) ... -
Shallow seafloor gas emissions near Heard and McDonald Islands on the Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Indian Ocean
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-12-10)Bubble emission mechanisms from submerged large igneous provinces remains enigmatic. The Kerguelen Plateau, a large igneous province in the southern Indian Ocean, has a long sustained history of active volcanism and ... -
Aseismic transient slip on the Gofar transform fault, East Pacific Rise
(National Academy of Sciences, 2020-04-28)Oceanic transform faults display a unique combination of seismic and aseismic slip behavior, including a large globally averaged seismic deficit, and the local occurrence of repeating magnitude (M) ∼6 earthquakes with ... -
Genetic tool development in marine protists: emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology
(Nature Research, 2020-04-06)Diverse microbial ecosystems underpin life in the sea. Among these microbes are many unicellular eukaryotes that span the diversity of the eukaryotic tree of life. However, genetic tractability has been limited to a few ... -
Arctic sea ice export as a driver of deglacial climate
(Geological Society of America, 2020-01-31)A widespread theory in paleoclimatology suggests that changes in freshwater discharge to the Nordic (Greenland, Norwegian, and Icelandic) Seas from ice sheets and proglacial lakes over North America played a role in ... -
Sulfur loss from subducted altered oceanic crust and implications for mantle oxidation
(European Association of Geochemistry, 2020-04-02)Oxygen fugacity (fO2) is a controlling factor of the physics of Earth’s mantle; however, the mechanisms driving spatial and secular changes in fO2 associated with convergent margins are highly debated. We present new ... -
The role of northeast pacific meltwater events in deglacial climate change
(American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2020-02-26)Columbia River megafloods occurred repeatedly during the last deglaciation, but the impacts of this fresh water on Pacific hydrography are largely unknown. To reconstruct changes in ocean circulation during this period, ... -
230 Th normalization: new insights on an essential tool for quantifying sedimentary fluxes in the modern and quaternary ocean
(John Wiley & Sons, 2020-01-27)230Th normalization is a valuable paleoceanographic tool for reconstructing high‐resolution sediment fluxes during the late Pleistocene (last ~500,000 years). As its application has expanded to ever more diverse marine ... -
Discovery and mapping of the Triton seep site, Redondo Knoll: fluid flow and microbial colonization within an oxygen minimum zone
(Frontiers Media, 2020-02-21)This paper examines a deep-water (∼900 m) cold-seep discovered in a low oxygen environment ∼30 km off the California coast in 2015 during an E/V Nautilus telepresence-enabled cruise. This Triton site was initially detected ... -
Multivariate climate field reconstructions using tree rings for the northeastern United States
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-12-13)High‐resolution paleoclimate records are essential for improving our understanding of internal variability and the detection and attribution of forced climate system responses. The densely populated northeastern United ...
