RSS 1.0Geology and Geophysics (G&G)
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Scientists in the G&G Department seek knowledge of the structure, composition, and dynamics of the earth’s interior, the origin and evolution of the earth’s crust, controls on ocean and climate change on time scales of decades to 100 million years, and processes of mass and energy transfer at the land-sea interface.
Recent Submissions
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Using surface waves recorded by a large mesh of three-element arrays to detect and locate disparate seismic sources
(Oxford University Press, 2018-07-28)Surface waves recorded by global arrays have proven useful for locating tectonic earthquakes and in detecting slip events depleted in high frequency, such as glacial quakes. We develop a novel method using an aggregation ... -
The final stages of slip and volcanism on an oceanic detachment fault at 13°48′N, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-09-14)While processes associated with initiation and maintenance of oceanic detachment faults are becoming better constrained, much less is known about the tectonic and magmatic conditions that lead to fault abandonment. Here ... -
U‐PB detrital zircon geochronology of the Lower Danube and Its tributaries : implications for the geology of the Carpathians
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-09-14)We performed a detrital zircon (DZ) U‐Pb geochronologic survey of the lower parts of the Danube River approaching its Danube delta, Black Sea sink, and a few large tributaries (Tisza, Jiu, Olt, and Siret) originating in ... -
Repeat bleaching of a central Pacific coral reef over the past six decades (1960–2016)
(Nature Publishing Group, 2018-11-08)The oceans are warming and coral reefs are bleaching with increased frequency and severity, fueling concerns for their survival through this century. Yet in the central equatorial Pacific, some of the world’s most productive ... -
Southern Hemisphere forcing of South Asian monsoon precipitation over the past ~1 million years
(Nature Publishing Group, 2018-11-08)The orbital-scale timing of South Asian monsoon (SAM) precipitation is poorly understood. Here we present new SST and seawater δ18O (δ18Osw) records from the Bay of Bengal, the core convective region of the South Asian ... -
Radiocarbon dating of the old ash of Aiton, Romania
(Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, 2018)The article reports the AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) radiocarbon investigation results of the old common ash of Aiton. Five wood samples were collected from the trunk of the tree. The deepest ends of the samples ... -
The crust and upper mantle structure of central and West Antarctica from Bayesian inversion of Rayleigh Wave and receiver functions
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-09-22)We construct a new seismic model for central and West Antarctica by jointly inverting Rayleigh wave phase and group velocities along with P wave receiver functions. Ambient noise tomography exploiting data from more than ... -
Predictive modelling of grain-size distributions from marine electromagnetic profiling data using end-member analysis and a radial basis function network
(Oxford University Press, 2018-04-17)In this work, we present a new methodology to predict grain-size distributions from geophysical data. Specifically, electric conductivity and magnetic susceptibility of seafloor sediments recovered from electromagnetic ... -
Ocean-excited plate waves in the Ross and Pine Island Glacier ice shelves
(Cambridge University Press, 2018-09-12)Ice shelves play an important role in buttressing land ice from reaching the sea, thus restraining the rate of grounded ice loss. Long-period gravity-wave impacts excite vibrations in ice shelves that can expand pre-existing ... -
Investigating microearthquake finite source attributes with IRIS Community Wavefield Demonstration Experiment in Oklahoma
(Oxford University Press, 2018-05-21)An earthquake rupture process can be kinematically described by rupture velocity, duration and spatial extent. These key kinematic source parameters provide important constraints on earthquake physics and rupture dynamics. ... -
Magma wagging and whirling : excitation by gas flux
(Oxford University Press, 2018-07-28)Gas flux in volcanic conduits is often associated with long-period oscillations known as seismic tremor (Lesage et al.; Nadeau et al.). In this study, we revisit and extend the ‘magma wagging’and ‘whirling’models for seismic ... -
Spatial and temporal variations in earthquake stress drop on Gofar Transform Fault, East Pacific Rise : implications for fault strength
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-09-07)On Gofar Transform Fault on the East Pacific Rise, the largest earthquakes (6.0 ≤ MW ≤ 6.2) have repeatedly ruptured the same portion of the fault, while intervening fault segments host swarms of microearthquakes. These ... -
The pleiotropic effects of the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(BioMed Central, 2018-11-01)Ammonium assimilation is linked to fundamental cellular processes that include the synthesis of non-essential amino acids like glutamate and glutamine. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae glutamate can be synthesized from ... -
Data constraints on glacial Atlantic Water mass geometry and properties
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-09-27)The chemical composition of benthic foraminifera from marine sediment cores provides information on how glacial subsurface water properties differed from modern, but separating the influence of changes in the origin and ... -
Relationship between Greenland Ice Sheet surface speed and modeled effective pressure
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-09-27)We use a numerical subglacial hydrology model and remotely sensed observations of Greenland Ice Sheet surface motion to test whether the inverse relationship between effective pressure and regional melt season surface ... -
Controls on mid‐ocean ridge normal fault seismicity across spreading rates from rate‐and‐state friction models
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-08-16)Recent seismic and geodetic observations have led to a growing realization that a significant amount of fault slip at plate boundaries occurs aseismically and that the amount of aseismic slip varies across tectonic settings. ... -
The eruption of submarine rhyolite lavas and domes in the deep ocean – Havre 2012, Kermadec Arc
(Frontiers Media, 2018-10-17)Silicic effusive eruptions in deep submarine environments have not yet been directly observed and very few modern submarine silicic lavas and domes have been described. The eruption of Havre caldera volcano in the Kermadec ... -
Organic carbon aging during across‐shelf transport
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-08-22)Compound‐specific radiocarbon analysis was performed on different grain‐size fractions of surficial sediments to examine and compare lateral transport times (LTTs) of organic carbon. 14C aging of long‐chain leaf wax fatty ... -
The continuum of drought in southwestern North America
(American Meteorological Society, 2018-09-20)Drought has severe consequences for humans and their environment, yet we have a limited understanding of the drivers of drought across the full range of time scales on which it occurs. Here, the atmosphere and ocean ... -
Advances in Sample Preparation at the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility (NOSAMS): Investigation of Carbonate Secondary Standards
(2017)The development of robust sample preparation techniques for ocean science research has been a hallmark of NOSAMS since its inception. Improvements to our standard methods include reducing the minimum size of the samples ...
