RSS 1.0Geology and Geophysics (G&G)
Browse by
Scientists in the G&G Department seek knowledge of the structure, composition, and dynamics of the earth’s interior, the origin and evolution of the earth’s crust, controls on ocean and climate change on time scales of decades to 100 million years, and processes of mass and energy transfer at the land-sea interface.
Recent Submissions
-
Seismic and numerical constraints on the formation and evolution of oceanic lithosphere
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2019-09)This thesis explicates aspects of the basic structure of oceanic lithosphere that are shaped by the processes that form the lithosphere. The strength of lithospheric plates relative to the underlying mantle enables the ... -
Foraminiferal ultrastructure: A perspective from fluorescent and fluorogenic probes
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-08-22)Microscopy techniques have been widely applied to observe cellular ultrastructure. Most of these techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy, produce high‐resolution images, but they may require extensive preparation, ... -
Three-dimensional bottom diffraction in the North Pacific
(Acoustical Society of America, 2019-09-30)A significant aspect of bottom-interaction in deep water acoustic propagation, from point sources to point receivers, is the diffraction (or scattering) of energy from discrete seafloor locations along repeatable, deterministic ... -
The latest spreading periods of the south china sea: new constraints from macrostructure analysis of IODP expedition 349 cores and geophysical data
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-08-29)Macrostructures preserved in deformed rocks are essential for the understanding of their evolution, especially when the deformation is weak and hard to discriminate in regional scale or purely through geophysical data. In ... -
Ophiolitic pyroxenites record boninite percolation in subduction zone mantle
(MDPI, 2019-09-18)The peridotite section of supra-subduction zone ophiolites is often crosscut by pyroxenite veins, reflecting the variety of melts that percolate through the mantle wedge, react, and eventually crystallize in the shallow ... -
Characteristics and evolution of sill-driven off-axis hydrothermalism in Guaymas Basin - the Ringvent site
(Nature Research, 2019-09-25)The Guaymas Basin spreading center, at 2000 m depth in the Gulf of California, is overlain by a thick sedimentary cover. Across the basin, localized temperature anomalies, with active methane venting and seep fauna exist ... -
Internal waves influence the thermal and nutrient environment on a shallow coral reef
(Wiley, 2019-03-26)Internal waves can influence water properties in coastal ecosystems through the shoreward transport and mixing of subthermocline water into the nearshore region. In June 2014, a field experiment was conducted at Dongsha ... -
Nutritional sources of meio- and macrofauna at hydrothermal vents and adjacent areas: Natural-abundance radiocarbon and stable isotope analyses
(Inter Research, 2019-07-18)Deep-sea hydrothermal vents host unique marine ecosystems that rely on organic matter produced by chemoautotrophic microbes together with phytodetritus. Although meiofauna can be abundant at such vents, the small size of ... -
Evaluating coral trophic strategies using fatty acid composition and indices
(Public Library of Science, 2019-09-11)The ecological success of shallow water reef-building corals has been linked to the symbiosis between the coral host and its dinoflagellate symbionts (herein ‘symbionts’). As mixotrophs, symbiotic corals depend on nutrients ... -
Consistently dated Atlantic sediment cores over the last 40 thousand years
(Nature Research, 2019-09-02)Rapid changes in ocean circulation and climate have been observed in marine-sediment and ice cores over the last glacial period and deglaciation, highlighting the non-linear character of the climate system and underlining ... -
Radiocarbon investigation of the Superlative African Baobabs from Savé Valley Conservancy, Zimbabwe
(Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Department of Chemistry, 2019)The article reports the radiocarbon investigation results of the superlative African baobabs from Savé Valley, Zimbabwe. Several wood samples collected from these baobab were analysed by AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) ... -
Ross ice shelf icequakes associated with ocean gravity wave activity
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-08-01)Gravity waves impacting ice shelves illicit a suite of responses that can affect ice shelf integrity. Broadband seismometers deployed on the Ross Ice Shelf, complemented by a near‐icefront seafloor hydrophone, establish ... -
Heat flow and near-seafloor magnetic anomalies highlight hydrothermal circulation at Brothers volcano caldera, southern Kermadec arc, New Zealand
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-07-18)Brothers volcano is the most hydrothermally active volcano along the Kermadec arc, with distinct hydrothermal fields located on the caldera walls and on the postcollapse volcanic cones. These sites display very different ... -
Along-strike variation in slab geometry at the southern Mariana subduction zone revealed by seismicity through ocean bottom seismic experiments
(Oxford University Press, 2019-06-10)We have conducted the first passive Ocean Bottom Seismograph (OBS) experiment near the Challenger Deep at the southernmost Mariana subduction zone by deploying and recovering an array of 6 broad-band OBSs during December ... -
Bayesian joint inversion of controlled source electromagnetic and magnetotelluric data to image freshwater aquifer offshore New Jersey
(Oxford University Press, 2019-06-03)Joint inversion of multiple electromagnetic data sets, such as controlled source electromagnetic and magnetotelluric data, has the potential to significantly reduce uncertainty in the inverted electrical resistivity when ... -
Mid-Holocene, coral-based sea surface temperatures in the western tropical Atlantic
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-05-31)The Holocene is considered a period of relative climatic stability, but significant proxy data‐model discrepancies exist that preclude consensus regarding the postglacial global temperature trajectory. In particular, a ... -
Constraints on Appalachian orogenesis and continental rifting in the Southeastern United States from wide-angle seismic data
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-06-24)The Southeastern United States is an ideal location to understand the interactions between mountain building, rifting, and magmatism. Line 2 of the Suwannee suture and Georgia Rift basin refraction seismic experiment in ... -
Isotopic compositions of sulfides in exhumed high-pressure terranes: Implications for sulfur cycling in subduction zones
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-06-14)Subduction is a key component of Earth's long‐term sulfur cycle; however, the mechanisms that drive sulfur from subducting slabs remain elusive. Isotopes are a sensitive indicator of the speciation of sulfur in fluids, ... -
Less remineralized carbon in the intermediate-depth south Atlantic during Heinrich Stadial 1
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-07-24)The last deglaciation (~20–10 kyr BP) was characterized by a major shift in Earth's climate state, when the global mean surface temperature rose ~4 °C and the concentration of atmospheric CO2 increased ~80 ppmv. Model ... -
Aethozooides uraniae, a new deep-sea genus and species of solitary bryozoan from the Mediterranean Sea, with a revision of the Aethozoidae
(Springer, 2019-04-04)Bryozoa is a phylum of about 6000 extant species that are almost exclusively colonial. Few species of the uncalcified Gymnolaemata, the ctenostomes, however, show solitary forms that essentially consist of single zooids. ...
