RSS 1.0Geology and Geophysics (G&G)
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Scientists in the G&G Department seek knowledge of the structure, composition, and dynamics of the earth’s interior, the origin and evolution of the earth’s crust, controls on ocean and climate change on time scales of decades to 100 million years, and processes of mass and energy transfer at the land-sea interface.
Recent Submissions
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Ecophysiology of coral reef primary producers across an upwelling gradient in the tropical central Pacific
(Public Library of Science, 2020-02-04)Upwelling is an important source of inorganic nutrients in marine systems, yet little is known about how gradients in upwelling affect primary producers on coral reefs. The Southern Line Islands span a natural gradient of ... -
Dynamic accretion beneath a slow-spreading ridge segment: IODP hole 1473A and the Atlantis Bank oceanic core complex
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-11-07)809 deep IODP Hole U1473A at Atlantis Bank, SWIR, is 2.2 km from 1,508‐m Hole 735B and 1.4 from 158‐m Hole 1105A. With mapping, it provides the first 3‐D view of the upper levels of a 660‐km2 lower crustal batholith. It ... -
The South China Sea is not a mini-Atlantic: plate-edge rifting vs intra-plate rifting
(Oxford University Press, 2019-09-12)The South China Sea, as ‘a non-volcanic passive margin basin’ in the Pacific, has often been considered as a small-scale analogue of the Atlantic. The recent ocean drilling in the northern South China Sea margin found, ... -
The role of magmatism in the thinning and breakup of the South China Sea continental margin: Special Topic: the South China Sea Ocean Drilling
(Oxford University Press, 2019-08-13)Magmatism plays a key role in the process of continental margin breakup and ocean formation. Even in the extremely magma-poor Iberia and Newfoundland margin, studies of field outcrops have shown that syn-rift magmatism had ... -
Mantle upwelling beneath the South China Sea and links to surrounding subduction systems
(Oxford University Press, 2019-08-28)The evolution of the South China Sea (SCS) is directly linked to the complex subduction systems of the surrounding Pacific, Philippine Sea and Indo-Australian Plates (Fig. 1a). Major advances in the last several years are ... -
Anomalies in the carbonate system of Red Sea coastal habitats
(European Geosciences Union, 2020-01-29)We use observations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) to assess the impact of ecosystem metabolic processes on coastal waters of the eastern Red Sea. A simple, single-end-member mixing model is ... -
Seasonal and spatial variations in the ocean-coupled ambient wavefield of the Ross Ice Shelf
(Cambridge University Press, 2019-09-30)The Ross Ice Shelf (RIS) is host to a broadband, multimode seismic wavefield that is excited in response to atmospheric, oceanic and solid Earth source processes. A 34-station broadband seismographic network installed on ... -
Wave-driven geomorphology of Pacific carbonate coastlines: from landscape to wavelength scale
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2020-02)The shallow marine ecosystems of coral atolls and the human communities they support are among the most vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change. Sea-level rise threatens to inundate low-lying reef islands, tropical ... -
Radiocarbon investigation of a superlative Grandidier Baobab, the Big Reniala of Isosa
(Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Department of Chemistry, 2019)The article discloses the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating results of the Big Reniala of Isosa, which is a massive Grandidier baobab (Adansonia grandidieri Baill.) of Madagascar. The investigation ... -
Nanoparticle-biological interactions in a marine benthic foraminifer
(Nature Research, 2019-12-19)The adverse effects of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) in marine environments have recently attracted great attention although their effects on marine benthic organisms such as foraminifera are still largely overlooked. ... -
Selective preservation of coccolith calcite in Ontong-Java Plateau sediments
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-11-15)Dissolution of calcite in deep ocean sediments, which is required to balance global marine CaCO3 production and burial fluxes, is still a poorly understood process. In order to assess the mechanisms of dissolution in ... -
C-14 Blank Corrections for 25-100 mu G samples at the National Ocean Sciences AMS Laboratory
(Cambridge University Press, 2019-07-22)Replicate radiocarbon (14C) measurements of organic and inorganic control samples, with known Fraction Modern values in the range Fm = 0–1.5 and mass range 6 μg–2 mg carbon, are used to determine both the mass and radiocarbon ... -
Glacial-interglacial Nd isotope variability of North Atlantic Deep Water modulated by North American ice sheet
(Nature Research, 2019-12-18)The Nd isotope composition of seawater has been used to reconstruct past changes in the contribution of different water masses to the deep ocean. In the absence of contrary information, the Nd isotope compositions of ... -
Causes of oceanic crustal thickness oscillations along a 74-M Mid-Atlantic ridge flow line
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-11-19)Gravity, magnetic, and bathymetry data collected along a continuous 1,400‐km‐long spreading‐parallel flow line across the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge indicate significant tectonic and magmatic fluctuations in the formation of oceanic ... -
AT42-20 Cruise Report for the 2019-2021 Gofar Transform Fault Earthquake Prediction Experiment, Leg 1: OBS Deployment and Rock Dredging
(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2019-12)The goal of this cruise was to deploy 51 ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) and conduct rock dredges at the Quebrada/Discovery/Gofar (QDG) transform fault systems, with a focus on the Gofar system. QDG is located in the ... -
Quantifying the effects of nutrient enrichment and freshwater mixing on coastal ocean acidification
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-11-07)The U.S. Northeast is vulnerable to ocean and coastal acidification because of low alkalinity freshwater discharge that naturally acidifies the region, and high anthropogenic nutrient loads that lead to eutrophication in ... -
Age, growth and death of a national icon: the historic Chapman baobab of Botswana
(MDPI, 2019-11-05)The year 2016 witnessed the fall of a symbol of the botanical world: the historic Chapman baobab of Botswana. This article presents the results of our investigation of the standing and fallen tree. The Chapman baobab had ... -
Variations in Martian lithospheric strength based on gravity/topography analysis
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-11-20)We applied localized gravity/topography admittance and correlation analysis, as well as the Markov chain Monte Carlo method, to invert for loading and flexural parameters of 21 subregions on Mars with five distinct tectonic ... -
Stormquakes
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-10-14)Seismic signals from ocean‐solid Earth interactions are ubiquitously recorded on our planet. However, these wavefields are typically incoherent in the time domain limiting their utilization for understanding ocean dynamics ... -
On the origin of aged sedimentary organic matter along a river-shelf-deep ocean transect
(American Geophysical Union, 2019-08-12)To assess the influences of carbon sources and transport processes on the 14C age of organic matter (OM) in continental margin sediments, we examined a suite of samples collected along a river‐shelf‐deep ocean transect in ...
