RSS 1.0Geology and Geophysics (G&G)
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Scientists in the G&G Department seek knowledge of the structure, composition, and dynamics of the earth’s interior, the origin and evolution of the earth’s crust, controls on ocean and climate change on time scales of decades to 100 million years, and processes of mass and energy transfer at the land-sea interface.
Recent Submissions
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The role of rifting in the development of the continental margins of the southwest subbasin, South China Sea : insights from an OBS experiment
(2016-11)The continental margins of the southwest subbasin in the South China Sea mark a unique transition from multi-stages magma-poor continental rifting to seafloor spreading. We used reflection and refraction profiles across ... -
The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution digital ocean bottom hydrophone instrument : technical report
(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1982-06)This report describes the design and capabilities of a new ocean bottom hydrophone instrument. The instrument is microprocessor controlled and records digitally on a commercially available cartridge tape recorder with ... -
Fluid-induced breakdown of white mica controls nitrogen transfer during fluid–rock interaction in subduction zones
(2016-09)In order to determine the effects of fluid–rock interaction on nitrogen elemental and isotopic systematics in high-pressure metamorphic rocks, we investigated three different profiles representing three distinct scenarios ... -
Geodynamic implications for zonal and meridional isotopic patterns across the northern Lau and North Fiji Basins
(John Wiley & Sons, 2017-03-17)We present new Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf-He isotopic data for 65 volcanic samples from the northern Lau and North Fiji Basins. This includes 47 lavas obtained from 40 dredge sites spanning an east-west transect across the Lau and North ... -
Benthic storms, nepheloid layers, and linkage with upper ocean dynamics in the western North Atlantic
(Elsevier, 2017-01-10)Benthic storms are episodic periods of strong abyssal currents and intense, benthic nepheloid (turbid) layer development. In order to interpret the driving forces that create and sustain these storms, we synthesize ... -
Quantifying K, U, and Th contents of marine sediments using shipboard natural gamma radiation spectra measured on DV JOIDES Resolution
(John Wiley & Sons, 2017-03-21)During International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) expeditions, shipboard-generated data provide the first insights into the cored sequences. The natural gamma radiation (NGR) of the recovered material, for example, is ... -
Dimensions and sinking speeds of tropical radiolarian skeletons from the parflux sediment traps : technical report
(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1982-05)Length, width and projected area (58 species) and weight (53 species) of radiolarian. skeletons, mainly from the Panama Basin PARFLUX sediment trap (5°21.8'N, 82°01.4'W) samples, were measured. Volume and density contrast ... -
The relative effect of particles and turbulence on acoustic scattering from deep sea hydrothermal vent plumes revisited
(Acoustical Society of America, 2017-03-03)The relative importance of suspended particles and turbulence as backscattering mechanisms within a hydrothermal plume located on the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge is determined by comparing acoustic backscatter ... -
Geochemical evidence for mélange melting in global arcs
(American Association for the Advancement of Science., 2017-04-07)In subduction zones, sediments and hydrothermally altered oceanic crust, which together form part of the subducting slab, contribute to the chemical composition of lavas erupted at the surface to form volcanic arcs. ... -
Assessing the blank carbon contribution, isotope mass balance, and kinetic isotope fractionation of the Ramped Pyrolysis/Oxidation instrument at NOSAMS
(2017-03)We estimate the blank carbon mass over the course of a typical Ramped PyrOx (RPO) analysis (150 to 1000 °C; 5 °C×min-1) to be (3.7 ± 0.6) μg C with an Fm value of 0.555 ± 0.042 and a δ13C value of (-29.0 ± 0.1) ‰ VPDB. ... -
Constraining the sources and cycling of dissolved organic carbon in a large oligotrophic lake using radiocarbon analyses
(2017-03)We measured the concentrations and isotopic compositions of solid phase extracted (SPE) dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and high molecular weight (HMW) DOC and their constituent organic components in order to better ... -
Array design considerations for exploitation of stable weakly dispersive modal pulses in the deep ocean
(2017-04-07)Modal pulses are broadband contributions to an acoustic wave field with fixed mode number. Stable weakly dispersive modal pulses (SWDMPs) are special modal pulses that are characterized by weak dispersion and weak ... -
Allochthonous sources and dynamic cycling of ocean dissolved organic carbon revealed by carbon isotopes
(John Wiley & Sons, 2017-03-07)We present concentration and isotopic profiles of total, size, and polarity fractionated dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from Station ALOHA (A Long-term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment), an oligotrophic site in the North ... -
Geochemical evidence for initiation of the modern Mekong delta in the southwestern South China Sea after 8 Ma
(2017-01)Sedimentary records in the southwestern South China Sea reflect the evolving erosion and drainage systems that have operated in Southeast Asia during the Neogene. Analyses of the chemistry and clay mineral composition ... -
Uncovering the spatial heterogeneity of Ediacaran carbon cycling
(2016-12)Records of the Ediacaran carbon cycle (635 to 541 million years ago) include the Shuram excursion (SE), the largest negative carbonate-carbon isotope excursion in Earth history (down to -12 ‰). The nature of this excursion ... -
Taxonomic notes on the abyssal agglutinated benthic foraminifera of the HEBBLE area (lower Nova Scotian Continental Rise)
(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1983-09)Eighty species and morphological varieties of agglutinated benthic foraminifera were identified in sediments from the HEBBLE Site (4800 m depth) and the HEBBLE Shallow Site (4185 m) on the lower Nova Scotian Continental ... -
Magnetic exploration of a low-temperature ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal site (Lost City, 30°N, MAR)
(2016-12)A 2003 high-resolution magnetic survey conducted by the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle ABE over the low-temperature, ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal field Lost City reveals a weak positive magnetic anomaly. This observation ... -
Response of the North Pacific tropical cyclone climatology to global warming : application of dynamical downscaling to CMIP5 models
(American Meteorological Society, 2017-02-01)A downscaling approach is applied to future projection simulations from four CMIP5 global climate models to investigate the response of the tropical cyclone (TC) climatology over the North Pacific basin to global warming. ... -
Bubble formation and decrepitation control the CO2 content of olivine-hosted melt inclusions
(John Wiley & Sons, 2017-02-16)The CO2 contents of olivine-hosted melt inclusions have previously been used to constrain the depth of magma chambers in basaltic systems. However, the vast majority of inclusions have CO2 contents which imply entrapment ...
