Geology and Geophysics (G&G)

 

Scientists in the G&G Department seek knowledge of the structure, composition, and dynamics of the earth’s interior, the origin and evolution of the earth’s crust, controls on ocean and climate change on time scales of decades to 100 million years, and processes of mass and energy transfer at the land-sea interface.

Recent Submissions

  • Oxidising agents in sub-arc mantle melts link slab devolatilisation and arc magmas 

    Bénard, Antoine; Klimm, Kevin; Woodland, Alan B.; Arculus, Richard J.; Wilke, Max; Botcharnikov, Roman; Shimizu, Nobumichi; Nebel, Oliver; Rivard, Camille; Ionov, Dmitri A. (Nature Publishing Group, 2018-08-29)
    Subduction zone magmas are more oxidised on eruption than those at mid-ocean ridges. This is attributed either to oxidising components, derived from subducted lithosphere (slab) and added to the mantle wedge, or to oxidation ...

  • A global glacial ocean state estimate constrained by upper-ocean temperature proxies 

    Amrhein, Daniel E.; Wunsch, Carl; Marchal, Olivier; Forget, Gael (American Meteorological Society, 2018-08-28)
    We use the method of least squares with Lagrange multipliers to fit an ocean general circulation model to the Multiproxy Approach for the Reconstruction of the Glacial Ocean Surface (MARGO) estimate of near sea surface ...

  • Biogeochemical exploration of the Pescardero Basic vents 

    Michel, Anna P. M.; Wankel, Scott D.; Beaulieu, Stace E.; Soule, Samuel A.; Mullineaux, Lauren S.; Coleman, Dwight; Escobar Briones, Elva; Gaytan-Caballero, Adriana; McDermott, Jill M.; Mills, Susan W.; Speth, Dan; Zierenberg, Robert (The Oceanography Society, 2018-03)

  • Exploration of the Northern Guaymas Basin 

    Soule, Samuel A.; Seewald, Jeffrey S.; Wankel, Scott D.; Michel, Anna P. M.; Beinart, Roxanne A.; Escobar Briones, Elva; Morales Dominguez, Esmerelda; Girguis, Peter R.; Coleman, Dwight; Raineault, Nicole A.; Wagner, Jamie K.S.; Foulk, Aubrey; Bagla, Anshika; Karson, Jeffrey A. (The Oceanography Society, 2018-03)

  • An evaluation of sedimentary molybdenum and iron as proxies for pore fluid paleoredox conditions 

    Hardisty, Dalton S.; Lyons, Timothy W.; Riedinger, Natascha; Isson, Terry T.; Owens, Jeremy D.; Aller, Robert C.; Rye, Danny; Planavsky, Noah J.; Reinhard, Christopher T.; Gill, Benjamin C.; Masterson, Andrew L.; Asael, Dan; Johnston, David T. (2018-04)
    Iron speciation and trace metal proxies are commonly applied together in efforts to identify anoxic settings marked by the presence of free sulfide (euxinia) or dissolved iron (ferruginous) in the water column. Here, we ...

  • Deglacial floods in the Beaufort Sea preceded Younger Dryas cooling 

    Keigwin, Lloyd D.; Klotsko, Shannon; Zhao, Ning; Reilly, Brendan; Giosan, Liviu; Driscoll, Neal W. (2018-05)
    The Younger Dryas cooling at ~13 ka, after 2 kyr of postglacial warming, is a century-old climate problem. The Younger Dryas is thought to have resulted from a slow-down of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation ...

  • An atmospheric chronology for the glacial-deglacial Eastern Equatorial Pacific 

    Zhao, Ning; Keigwin, Lloyd D. (Nature Publishing Group, 2018-08-06)
    Paleoclimate reconstructions are only as good as their chronology. In particular, different chronological assumptions for marine sediment cores can lead to different reconstructions of ocean ventilation age and atmosphere−ocean ...

  • Strength in numbers : collaborative science for new experimental model systems 

    Waller, Ross F.; Cleves, Phillip A.; Rubio-Brotons, Maria; Woods, April; Bender, Sara J.; Edgcomb, Virginia P.; Gann, Eric R.; Jones, Adam C.; Teytelman, Leonid; von Dassow, Peter; Wilhelm, Steven W.; Collier, Jackie L. (Public Library of Science, 2018-07-02)
    Our current understanding of biology is heavily based on a small number of genetically tractable model organisms. Most eukaryotic phyla lack such experimental models, and this limits our ability to explore the molecular ...

  • Directly estimating earthquake rupture area using second moments to reduce the uncertainty in stress drop 

    McGuire, Jeffrey J.; Kaneko, Yoshihiro (Oxford University Press, 2018-06-01)
    The key kinematic earthquake source parameters: rupture velocity, duration and area, shed light on earthquake dynamics, provide direct constraints on stress drop, and have implications for seismic hazard. However, for ...

  • The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 

    Schlitzer, Reiner; Anderson, Robert F.; Dodas, Elena Masferrer; Lohan, Maeve C.; Geibert, Walter; Tagliabue, Alessandro; Bowie, Andrew R.; Jeandel, Catherine; Maldonado, Maria T.; Landing, William M.; Cockwell, Donna; Abadie, Cyril; Abouchami, Wafa; Achterberg, Eric P.; Agather, Alison; Aguliar-Islas, Ana; van Aken, Hendrik M.; Andersen, Morten; Archer, Corey; Auro, Maureen E.; Baar, Hein J. W. de; Baars, Oliver; Baker, Alex R.; Bakker, Karel; Basak, Chandranath; Baskaran, Mark; Bates, Nicholas R.; Bauch, Dorothea; van Beek, Pieter; Behrens, Melanie K.; Black, Erin E.; Bluhm, Katrin; Bopp, Laurent; Bouman, Heather; Bowman, Katlin; Bown, Johann; Boyd, Philip; Boye, Marie; Boyle, Edward A.; Branellec, Pierre; Bridgestock, Luke; Brissebrat, Guillaume; Browning, Thomas; Bruland, Kenneth W.; Brumsack, Hans-Jürgen; Brzezinski, Mark A.; Buck, Clifton S.; Buck, Kristen N.; Buesseler, Ken O.; Bull, Abby; Butler, Edward; Cai, Pinghe; Cámara Mor, Patricia; Cardinal, Damien; Carlson, Craig; Carrasco, Gonzalo; Casacuberta, Nuria; Casciotti, Karen L.; Castrillejo, Maxi; Chamizo, Elena; Chance, Rosie; Charette, Matthew A.; Chaves, Joaquin E.; Cheng, Hai; Chever, Fanny; Christl, Marcus; Church, Thomas M.; Closset, Ivia; Colman, Albert S.; Conway, Tim M.; Cossa, Daniel; Croot, Peter L.; Cullen, Jay T.; Cutter, Gregory A.; Daniels, Chris; Dehairs, Frank; Deng, Feifei; Dieu, Huong Thi; Duggan, Brian; Dulaquais, Gabriel; Dumousseaud, Cynthia; Echegoyen-Sanz, Yolanda; Edwards, R. Lawrence; Ellwood, Michael J.; Fahrbach, Eberhard; Fitzsimmons, Jessica N.; Flegal, A. Russell; Fleisher, Martin Q.; van de Flierdt, Tina; Frank, Martin; Friedrich, Jana; Fripiat, Francois; Fröllje, Henning; Galer, Stephen J. G.; Gamo, Toshitaka; Ganeshram, Raja S.; Garcia-Orellana, Jordi; Garcia Solsona, Ester; Gault-Ringold, Melanie; George, Ejin; Gerringa, Loes J. A.; Gilbert, Melissa; Godoy, Jose Marcus; Goldstein, Steven L.; Gonzalez, Santiago; Grissom, Karen; Hammerschmidt, Chad R.; Hartman, Alison; Hassler, Christel; Hathorne, Ed C.; Hatta, Mariko; Hawco, Nicholas J.; Hayes, Christopher T.; Heimbürger, Lars-Eric; Helgoe, Josh; Heller, Maija Iris; Henderson, Gideon M.; Henderson, Paul B.; van Heuven, Steven; Ho, Peng; Horner, Tristan J.; Hsieh, Yu-Te; Huang, Kuo-Fang; Humphreys, Matthew P.; Isshiki, Kenji; Jacquot, Jeremy E.; Janssen, David J.; Jenkins, William J.; John, Seth; Jones, Elizabeth M.; Jones, Janice L.; Kadko, David; Kayser, Rick; Kenna, Timothy C.; Khondoker, Roulin; Kim, Taejin; Kipp, Lauren; Klar, Jessica K.; Klunder, Maarten; Kretschmer, Sven; Kumamoto, Yuichiro; Laan, Patrick; Labatut, Marie; Lacan, Francois; Lam, Phoebe J.; Lambelet, Myriam; Lamborg, Carl H.; le Moigne, Frederique; Le Roy, Emilie; Lechtenfeld, Oliver J.; Lee, Jong-Mi; Lherminier, Pascale; Little, Susan; López-Lora, Mercedes; Lu, Yanbin; Masque, Pere; Mawji, Edward; McClain, Charles R.; Measures, Christopher I.; Mehic, Sanjin; Menzel Barraqueta, Jan-Lukas; Merwe, Pier van der; Middag, Rob; Mieruch, Sebastian; Milne, Angela; Minami, Tomoharu; Moffett, James W.; Moncoiffe, Gwenaelle; Moore, Willard S.; Morris, Paul J.; Morton, Peter L.; Nakaguchi, Yuzuru; Nakayama, Noriko; Niedermiller, John; Nishioka, Jun; Nishiuchi, Akira; Noble, Abigail E.; Obata, Hajime; Ober, Sven; Ohnemus, Daniel C.; van Ooijen, Jan; O'Sullivan, Jeanette; Owens, Stephanie A.; Pahnke, Katharina; Paul, Maxence; Pavia, Frank; Pena, Leopoldo D.; Peters, Brian; Planchon, Frederic; Planquette, Helene; Pradoux, Catherine; Puigcorbé, Viena; Quay, Paul D.; Queroue, Fabien; Radic, Amandine; Rauschenberg, Sara; Rehkämper, Mark; Rember, Robert; Remenyi, Tomas A.; Resing, Joseph A.; Rickli, Joerg; Rigaud, Sylvain; Rijkenberg, Micha J. A.; Rintoul, Stephen R.; Robinson, Laura F.; Roca-Martí, Montserrat; Rodellas, Valenti; Roeske, Tobias; Rolison, John M.; Rosenberg, Mark; Roshan, Saeed; Rutgers van der Loeff, Michiel M.; Ryabenko, Evgenia; Saito, Mak A.; Salt, Lesley; Sanial, Virginie; Sarthou, Geraldine; Schallenberg, Christina; Schauer, Ursula; Scher, Howie; Schlosser, Christian; Schnetger, Bernhard; Scott, Peter M.; Sedwick, Peter N.; Semiletov, Igor P.; Shelley, Rachel U.; Sherrell, Robert M.; Shiller, Alan M.; Sigman, Daniel M.; Singh, Sunil Kumar; Slagter, Hans; Slater, Emma; Smethie, William M.; Snaith, Helen; Sohrin, Yoshiki; Sohst, Bettina M.; Sonke, Jeroen E.; Speich, Sabrina; Steinfeldt, Reiner; Stewart, Gillian; Stichel, Torben; Stirling, Claudine H.; Stutsman, Johnny; Swarr, Gretchen J.; Swift, James H.; Thomas, Alexander; Thorne, Kay; Till, Claire P.; Till, Ralph; Townsend, Ashley T.; Townsend, Emily; Tuerena, Robyn; Twining, Benjamin S.; Vance, Derek; Velazquez, Sue; Venchiarutti, Celia; Villa-Alfageme, Maria; Vivancos, Sebastian M.; Voelker, Antje H. L.; Wake, Bronwyn; Warner, Mark J.; Watson, Ros; van Weerlee, Evaline; Weigand, M. Alexandra; Weinstein, Yishai; Weiss, Dominik; Wisotzki, Andreas; Woodward, E. Malcolm S.; Wu, Jingfeng; Wu, Yingzhe; Wuttig, Kathrin; Wyatt, Neil; Xiang, Yang; Xie, Ruifang C.; Xue, Zichen; Yoshikawa, Hisayuki; Zhang, Jing; Zhang, Pu; Zhao, Ye; Zheng, Linjie; Zheng, Xin-Yuan; Zieringer, Moritz; Zimmer, Louise A.; Ziveri, Patrizia; Zunino, Patricia; Zurbrick, Cheryl (Elsevier, 2018-06-01)
    The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 (IDP2017) is the second publicly available data product of the international GEOTRACES programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2016. The ...

  • A deep ocean acoustic noise floor, 1–800 Hz 

    Berger, Jonathan; Bidlot, Jean-Raymond; Dzieciuch, Matthew A.; Farrell, W. E.; Worcester, Peter F.; Stephen, Ralph A. (Acoustical Society of America, 2018-02-26)
    The ocean acoustic noise floor (observed when the overhead wind is low, ships are distant, and marine life silent) has been measured on an array extending up 987 m from 5048 m depth in the eastern North Pacific, in what ...

  • The rise and fall of the Cretaceous Hot Greenhouse climate 

    Huber, Brian T.; MacLeod, Kenneth G.; Watkins, David K.; Coffin, Millard F. (Elsevier, 2018-05-18)
    A compilation of foraminiferal stable isotope measurements from southern high latitude (SHL) deep-sea sites provides a novel perspective important for understanding Earth's paleotemperature and paleoceanographic changes ...

  • Deepwater expansion and enhanced remineralization in the eastern equatorial Pacific during the last glacial maximum 

    Umling, Natalie E.; Thunell, Robert C.; Bizimis, Michael (John Wiley & Sons, 2018-06-04)
    Published estimates of the radiocarbon content of middepth waters suggest a decrease in ventilation in multiple locations during the last glacial maximum (LGM; 24.0–18.1 ka). Reduced glacial ventilation would have allowed ...

  • A role for the equatorial undercurrent in the ocean dynamical thermostat 

    Coats, Sloan; Karnauskas, Kristopher B. (American Meteorological Society, 2018-07-11)
    Reconstructions of sea surface temperature (SST) based on instrumental observations suggest that the equatorial Pacific zonal SST gradient has increased over the twentieth century. While this increase is suggestive of the ...

  • Identification of erosional terraces on seamounts : implications for interisland connectivity and subsidence in the Galápagos Archipelago 

    Schwartz, Darin M.; Soule, Samuel A.; Wanless, V. Dorsey; Jones, Meghan R. (Frontiers Media, 2018-07-03)
    Shallow seamounts at ocean island hotspots and in other settings may record emergence histories in the form of submarine erosional terraces. Exposure histories are valuable for constraining paleo-elevations and sea levels ...

  • Arc-like magmas generated by mélange-peridotite interaction in the mantle wedge 

    Codillo, Emmanuel A.; Le Roux, Véronique; Marschall, Horst R. (Nature Publishing Group, 2018-07-20)
    The mechanisms of transfer of crustal material from the subducting slab to the overlying mantle wedge are still debated. Mélange rocks, formed by mixing of sediments, oceanic crust, and ultramafics along the slab-mantle ...

  • Inorganic carbon and nitrogen assimilation in cellular compartments of a benthic kleptoplastic foraminifer 

    LeKieffre, Charlotte; Jauffrais, Thierry; Geslin, Emmanuelle; Jesus, Bruno; Bernhard, Joan M.; Giovani, Maria-Evangelia; Meibom, Anders (Nature Publishing Group, 2018-07-04)
    Haynesina germanica, an ubiquitous benthic foraminifer in intertidal mudflats, has the remarkable ability to isolate, sequester, and use chloroplasts from microalgae. The photosynthetic functionality of these kleptoplasts ...

  • Barium isotope evidence for pervasive sediment recycling in the upper mantle 

    Nielsen, Sune G.; Horner, Tristan J.; Pryer, Helena V.; Blusztajn, Jerzy S.; Shu, Yunchao; Kurz, Mark D.; Le Roux, Véronique (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2018-07-11)
    The upper mantle, as sampled by mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs), exhibits significant chemical variability unrelated to mechanisms of melt extraction at ridges. We show that barium isotope variations in global MORBs vary ...

  • Keystone Arctic paleoceanographic proxy association with putative methanotrophic bacteria 

    Bernhard, Joan M.; Panieri, Giuliana (Nature Publishing Group, 2018-07-13)
    Foraminifera in sediments exposed to gas-hydrate dissociation are not expected to have cellular adaptations that facilitate inhabitation of chemosynthesis-based ecosystems because, to date, there are no known endemic seep ...

  • Intense storms increase the stability of tidal bays 

    Castagno, Katherine; Jiménez-Robles, Alfonso M.; Donnelly, Jeffrey P.; Wiberg, Patricia L.; Fenster, Michael S.; Fagherazzi, Sergio (John Wiley & Sons, 2018-06-05)
    Coastal bays and, specifically, back‐barrier tidal basins host productive ecosystems, coastal communities, and critical infrastructure. As sea level continues to rise and tropical cyclones increase in intensity, these ...

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