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    Continuous measurements of dissolved Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe ratios with a field-deployable gas equilibration mass spectrometer

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    Manning-GEMS-paper-rev1-AnalChem-submitted-Wellesley.pdf (2.234Mb)
    Date
    2016-01-30
    Author
    Manning, Cara C.  Concept link
    Stanley, Rachel H. R.  Concept link
    Lott, Dempsey E.  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/7896
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03102
    Abstract
    Noble gases dissolved in natural waters are useful tracers for quantifying physical processes. Here, we describe a field-deployable gas equilibration mass spectrometer (GEMS) that provides continuous, real-time measurements of Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe mole ratios in natural waters. Gas is equilibrated with a membrane contactor cartridge and measured with a quadrupole mass spectrometer, after in-line purification with reactive metal alloy getters. We use an electron energy of 35 V for Ne to eliminate isobaric interferences, and a higher electron energy for the other gases to improve sensitivity. The precision is 0.7 % or better and 1.0 % or better for all mole ratios when the instrument is installed in a temperature-controlled environment and a variable-temperature environment, respectively. In the lab, the accuracy is 0.9 % or better for all gas ratios using air as the only calibration standard. In the field (and/or at greater levels of disequilbrium), the accuracy is 0.7 % or better for Ne/Kr, Ne/Ar, and Ar/Kr, and 2.5 % or better for Ne/Xe, Ar/Xe, and Kr/Xe using air as the only calibration standard. The field accuracy improves to 0.6 % or better for Ne/Xe, Ar/Xe, and Kr/Xe when the data is calibrated using discrete water samples run on a laboratory-based mass spectrometer. The e-folding response time is 90–410 s. This instrument enables the collection of a large number of continuous, high-precision and accuracy noble gas measurements at substantially reduced cost and labor compared to laboratory-based methods. Introduction
    Description
    Author Posting. © American Chemical Society, 2016. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of American Chemical Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Analytical Chemistry 88 (2016): 3040–3048, doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03102.
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    • Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry (MC&G)
    Suggested Citation
    Preprint: Manning, Cara C., Stanley, Rachel H. R., Lott, Dempsey E., "Continuous measurements of dissolved Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe ratios with a field-deployable gas equilibration mass spectrometer", 2016-01-30, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03102, https://hdl.handle.net/1912/7896
     
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