Regeneration, stem cells, and aging in the tunicate Ciona : insights from the oral siphon
Citable URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/7705As published
https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.06.005Keyword
Ciona intestinalis; Oral siphon; Regeneration; Adult stem cells; Progenitor cells; Branchial sac; Blastema; AgingAbstract
Regeneration studies in the tunicate Ciona intestinalis have recently been focused on the potential of adult stem cells to replace injured tissues and organs during the adult life cycle using the oral siphon (OS) as a model. The OS has oral siphon pigment organs (OPO) along its rim and an underlying network of muscle fibers in its tube. Different regeneration processes are triggered by OS amputation at the tip, along the tube, or at the base. One process involves the replacement of OPO without new cell division by direct differentiation of locally deployed stem cells or stem cells that migrate from the branchial sac. Another process involves blastema formation by the migration of progenitor cells produced from branchial sac stem cells. The capacity for complete and accurate OS regeneration declines continuously during the adult life cycle. Finally, after an age threshold is reached, OS regeneration ceases in old animals. The loss of regeneration capacity in old animals involves the depletion of stem cells in the branchial sac, the inability of brachial sac progenitor cells to migrate to the sites of regeneration, and defective OPO replacement. The significance of the OS model for studying regeneration, stem cells, and aging will be enhanced by the application of molecular methods.
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Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2015. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology 319 (2015): 255-282, doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.06.005.
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Suggested Citation
Preprint: Jeffery, William R., "Regeneration, stem cells, and aging in the tunicate Ciona : insights from the oral siphon", 2015-04, https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.06.005, https://hdl.handle.net/1912/7705Related items
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Evolution of the chordate regeneration blastema : differential gene expression and conserved role of notch signaling during siphon regeneration in the ascidian Ciona
Hamada, Mayuko; Goricki, Spela; Byerly, Mardi S.; Satoh, Noriyuki; Jeffery, William R. (2015-06)The regeneration of the oral siphon (OS) and other distal structures in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis occurs by epimorphosis involving the formation of a blastema of proliferating cells. Despite the longstanding use of ... -
Distal regeneration involves the age dependent activity of branchial sac stem cells in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis
Jeffery, William R. (John Wiley & Sons, 2014-11-13)Tunicates have high capacities for regeneration but the underlying mechanisms and their relationship to life cycle progression are not well understood. Here we investigate the regeneration of distal structures in the ... -
The tunicate Ciona : a model system for understanding the relationship between regeneration and aging
Jeffery, William R. (Taylor & Francis, 2014-06-10)The use of the tunicate Ciona intestinalis as a model system to study the relationship between regeneration and aging is reviewed. Ciona has powerful regeneration capacities, which fade with age. Some additional benefits ...