Seabirds, gyres and global trends in plastic pollution
Date
2015-04-11Metadata
Show full item recordCitable URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/7214As published
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.02.034DOI
10.1016/j.envpol.2015.02.034Keyword
Fulmarus glacialis; Plastic ingestion; Marine debris; North Atlantic subtropical gyre; Industrial plastic pelletsAbstract
Fulmars are effective biological indicators of the abundance of floating plastic marine debris. Long-term data reveal high plastic abundance in the southern North Sea, gradually decreasing to the north at increasing distance from population centres, with lowest levels in high-arctic waters. Since the 1980s, pre-production plastic pellets in North Sea fulmars have decreased by ∼75%, while user plastics varied without a strong overall change. Similar trends were found in net-collected floating plastic debris in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre, with a ∼75% decrease in plastic pellets and no obvious trend in user plastic. The decreases in pellets suggest that changes in litter input are rapidly visible in the environment not only close to presumed sources, but also far from land. Floating plastic debris is rapidly “lost” from the ocean surface to other as-yet undetermined sinks in the marine environment.
Description
© The Author(s), 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Environmental Pollution 203 (2015): 89-96, doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2015.02.034.
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Environmental Pollution 203 (2015): 89-96The following license files are associated with this item:
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution 4.0 International
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