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    Predominant floodplain over mountain weathering of Himalayan sediments (Ganga basin)

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    Date
    2011-12-01
    Author
    Lupker, Maarten  Concept link
    France-Lanord, Christian  Concept link
    Galy, Valier  Concept link
    Lave, Jerome  Concept link
    Gaillardet, Jerome  Concept link
    Gajurel, Ananta Prasad  Concept link
    Guilmette, Caroline  Concept link
    Rahman, Mustafizur  Concept link
    Singh, Sunil Kumar  Concept link
    Sinha, Rajiv  Concept link
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5049
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.02.001
    Abstract
    We present an extensive river sediment dataset covering the Ganga basin from the Himalayan front downstream to the Ganga mainstream in Bangladesh. These sediments were mainly collected over several monsoon seasons and include depth profiles of suspended particles in the river water column. Mineral sorting is the first order control on the chemical composition of river sediments. Taking into account this variability we show that sediments become significantly depleted in mobile elements during their transit through the floodplain. By comparing sediments sampled at the Himalayan front with sediments from the Ganga mainstream in Bangladesh it is possible to budget weathering in the floodplain. Assuming a steady state weathering regime in the floodplain, the weathering of Himalayan sediments in the Gangetic floodplain releases ca. (189 ± 92)109 and (69 ± 22)109 moles/yr of carbonate bound Ca and Mg to the dissolved load, respectively. Silicate weathering releases (53 ± 18)109 and (42 ± 13)109 moles/yr of Na and K while the release of silicate Mg and Ca is substantially lower, between ca. 0 and 20109 moles/yr. Additionally, we show that sediment hydration, [H2O+], is a sensitive tracer of silicate weathering that can be used in continental detrital environments, such as the Ganga basin. Both [H2O+] content and the D/H isotopic composition of sediments increases during floodplain transfer in response to mineral hydrolysis and neoformations associated to weathering reactions. By comparing the chemical composition of river sediments across the floodplain with the composition of the eroded Himalayan source rocks, we suggest that the floodplain is the dominant location of silicate weathering for Na, K and [H2O+]. Overall this work emphasizes the role of the Gangetic floodplain in weathering Himalayan sediments. It also demonstrates how detrital sediments can be used as weathering tracers if mineralogical and chemical sorting effects are properly taken into account.
    Description
    Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2011. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 84 (2012): 410-432, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2012.02.001.
    Collections
    • Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry (MC&G)
    Suggested Citation
    Preprint: Lupker, Maarten, France-Lanord, Christian, Galy, Valier, Lave, Jerome, Gaillardet, Jerome, Gajurel, Ananta Prasad, Guilmette, Caroline, Rahman, Mustafizur, Singh, Sunil Kumar, Sinha, Rajiv, "Predominant floodplain over mountain weathering of Himalayan sediments (Ganga basin)", 2011-12-01, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.02.001, https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5049
     

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