• Login
    About WHOAS
    View Item 
    •   WHOAS Home
    • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    • Physical Oceanography (PO)
    • View Item
    •   WHOAS Home
    • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    • Physical Oceanography (PO)
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    All of WHOASCommunities & CollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesKeywordsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesKeywords

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    Statistics

    View Usage Statistics

    The Community Climate System Model version 4

    Thumbnail
    View/Open
    2011jcli4083.1.pdf (6.278Mb)
    Date
    2011-10-01
    Author
    Gent, Peter R.  Concept link
    Danabasoglu, Gokhan  Concept link
    Donner, Leo J.  Concept link
    Holland, Marika M.  Concept link
    Hunke, Elizabeth C.  Concept link
    Jayne, Steven R.  Concept link
    Lawrence, David M.  Concept link
    Neale, Richard B.  Concept link
    Rasch, Philip J.  Concept link
    Vertenstein, Mariana  Concept link
    Worley, Patrick H.  Concept link
    Yang, Zong-Liang  Concept link
    Zhang, Minghua  Concept link
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4884
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JCLI4083.1
    DOI
    10.1175/2011JCLI4083.1
    Keyword
     Climate models; Madden–Julian oscillation; Sea ice; Model evaluation/performance; Meridional overturning circulation; Convection; Tropics 
    Abstract
    The fourth version of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4) was recently completed and released to the climate community. This paper describes developments to all CCSM components, and documents fully coupled preindustrial control runs compared to the previous version, CCSM3. Using the standard atmosphere and land resolution of 1° results in the sea surface temperature biases in the major upwelling regions being comparable to the 1.4°-resolution CCSM3. Two changes to the deep convection scheme in the atmosphere component result in CCSM4 producing El Niño–Southern Oscillation variability with a much more realistic frequency distribution than in CCSM3, although the amplitude is too large compared to observations. These changes also improve the Madden–Julian oscillation and the frequency distribution of tropical precipitation. A new overflow parameterization in the ocean component leads to an improved simulation of the Gulf Stream path and the North Atlantic Ocean meridional overturning circulation. Changes to the CCSM4 land component lead to a much improved annual cycle of water storage, especially in the tropics. The CCSM4 sea ice component uses much more realistic albedos than CCSM3, and for several reasons the Arctic sea ice concentration is improved in CCSM4. An ensemble of twentieth-century simulations produces a good match to the observed September Arctic sea ice extent from 1979 to 2005. The CCSM4 ensemble mean increase in globally averaged surface temperature between 1850 and 2005 is larger than the observed increase by about 0.4°C. This is consistent with the fact that CCSM4 does not include a representation of the indirect effects of aerosols, although other factors may come into play. The CCSM4 still has significant biases, such as the mean precipitation distribution in the tropical Pacific Ocean, too much low cloud in the Arctic, and the latitudinal distributions of shortwave and longwave cloud forcings.
    Description
    Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Climate 24 (2011): 4973–4991, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI4083.1.
    Collections
    • Physical Oceanography (PO)
    Suggested Citation
    Journal of Climate 24 (2011): 4973–4991
     

    Related items

    Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.

    • Thumbnail

      Coupled ocean–atmosphere modeling and predictions 

      Miller, Arthur J.; Collins, Matthew; Gualdi, Silvio; Jensen, Tommy G.; Misra, Vasu; Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi; Pierce, David W.; Putrasahan, Dian; Seo, Hyodae; Tseng, Yu-Heng (Sears Foundation for Marine Research, 2017-05-01)
      Key aspects of the current state of the ability of global and regional climate models to represent dynamical processes and precipitation variations are summarized. Interannual, decadal, and global-warming timescales, wherein ...
    • Thumbnail

      Marine ecosystem dynamics and biogeochemical cycling in the Community Earth System Model [CESM1(BGC)] : comparison of the 1990s with the 2090s under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios 

      Moore, J. Keith; Lindsay, Keith; Doney, Scott C.; Long, Matthew C.; Misumi, Kazuhiro (American Meteorological Society, 2013-12-01)
      The authors compare Community Earth System Model results to marine observations for the 1990s and examine climate change impacts on biogeochemistry at the end of the twenty-first century under two future scenarios ...
    • Thumbnail

      Wintertime atmospheric response to North Atlantic Ocean circulation variability in a climate model 

      Frankignoul, Claude; Gastineau, Guillaume; Kwon, Young-Oh (American Meteorological Society, 2015-10-01)
      Maximum covariance analysis of a preindustrial control simulation of the NCAR Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), shows that a barotropic signal in winter broadly resembling a negative phase of the North ...
    All Items in WHOAS are protected by original copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. WHOAS also supports the use of the Creative Commons licenses for original content.
    A service of the MBLWHOI Library | About WHOAS
    Contact Us | Send Feedback | Privacy Policy
    Core Trust Logo