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    Repeated pulses of vertical methane flux recorded in glacial sediments from the southeast Bering Sea

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    Article (4.028Mb)
    Figure S1: Phase diagram for the equilibrium water-hydrate-methane system (13.59Kb)
    Figure S2: Structures of compounds discussed in text: (a) archaeol, (b) di-ai-C15/ai-C15-glycerolether (DAGE-C30), (c) calderarchaeol (acyclic GDGT), (d) crenarchaeol (GDGT with bicyclic and cyclohexa-tricyclic biphytanes), (e) monocyclic GDGT, and (f) biyclic GDGT. (264.3Kb)
    Additional file information (6.757Kb)
    Table S1: Stable isotopes measured on Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) in HLY02-02-51JPC. (20.59Kb)
    Table S2: Stable isotopes measured on Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) in HLY02-02-57JPC. (26.48Kb)
    Table S3: Stable isotopes measured on Uvigerina peregrina in HLY02-02-51JPC. (9.221Kb)
    Table S4: Stable isotopes measured on Uvigerina peregrina in HLY02-02-57JPC. (8.944Kb)
    Table S5: Absolute abundance of benthic foraminifera in HLY02-02-51JPC. (1.420Kb)
    Table S6: Absolute abundance of benthic foraminifera in HLY02-02-57JPC. (966bytes)
    Table S7: Total organic carbon, abundance and d13C of archaeol and DAGE-C30 in HLY02-02-51JPC. (574bytes)
    Table S8: Total organic carbon, abundance and d13C of archaeol and DAGE-C30 in HLY02-02-57JPC. (448bytes)
    Table S9: The delta-carbon-13 of tetraether-derived biphytanes in HLY02-02-51JPC. (247bytes)
    Table S10: The delta-carbon-13 of tetraether-derived biphytanes in HLY02-02-57JPC. (186bytes)
    Text S1: Supplemental methods and results of Mg/Ca analysis. (1.739Kb)
    Date
    2011-05-11
    Author
    Cook, Mea S.  Concept link
    Keigwin, Lloyd D.  Concept link
    Birgel, Daniel  Concept link
    Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4627
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1029/2010PA001993
    DOI
    10.1029/2010PA001993
    Keyword
     Dansgaard-Oeschger events; Anaerobic methane oxidation; Biomarkers 
    Abstract
    There is controversy over the role of marine methane hydrates in atmospheric methane concentrations and climate change during the last glacial period. In this study of two sediment cores from the southeast Bering Sea (700 m and 1467 m water depth), we identify multiple episodes during the last glacial period of intense methane flux reaching the seafloor. Within the uncertainty of the radiocarbon age model, the episodes are contemporaneous in the two cores and have similar timing and duration as Dansgaard-Oeschger events. The episodes are marked by horizons of sediment containing 13C-depleted authigenic carbonate minerals; 13C-depleted archaeal and bacterial lipids, which resemble those found in ANME-1 type anaerobic methane oxidizing microbial consortia; and changes in the abundance and species distribution of benthic foraminifera. The similar timing and isotopic composition of the authigenic carbonates in the two cores is consistent with a region-wide increase in the upward flux of methane bearing fluids. This study is the first observation outside Santa Barbara Basin of pervasive, repeated methane flux in glacial sediments. However, contrary to the “Clathrate Gun Hypothesis” (Kennett et al., 2003), these coring sites are too deep for methane hydrate destabilization to be the cause, implying that a much larger part of the ocean's sedimentary methane may participate in climate or carbon cycle feedback at millennial timescales. We speculate that pulses of methane in these opal-rich sediments could be caused by the sudden release of overpressure in pore fluids that builds up gradually with silica diagenesis. The release could be triggered by seismic shaking on the Aleutian subduction zone caused by hydrostatic pressure increase associated with sea level rise at the start of interstadials.
    Description
    Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Paleoceanography 26 (2011): PA2210, doi:10.1029/2010PA001993.
    Collections
    • Geology and Geophysics (G&G)
    Suggested Citation
    Paleoceanography 26 (2011): PA2210
     

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