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    The fluid dynamics of swimming by jumping in copepods

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    Author's manuscript (238.9Kb)
    Figures (5.690Mb)
    Data supplement: Time evolution of the flow velocity and vorticity fields imposed by an impulsive stresslet. (8.200Mb)
    Data supplement: High-speed video of the cyclopoid copepod Oithona davisae swimming by jumping. (4.369Mb)
    Date
    2010-11-04
    Author
    Jiang, Houshuo  Concept link
    Kiørboe, Thomas  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4302
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0481
    Keyword
     Copepod jump; Viscous vortex ring; Impulsive stresslet; Impulsive Stokeslet; Hydrodynamic camouflage; Non-dimensional ‘jump number’ 
    Abstract
    Copepods swim either continuously by vibrating their feeding appendages or erratically by repeatedly beating their swimming legs resulting in a series of small jumps. The two swimming modes generate different hydrodynamic disturbances and therefore expose the swimmers differently to rheotactic predators. We developed an impulsive stresslet model to quantify the jump-imposed flow disturbance. The predicted flow consists of two counterrotating viscous vortex rings of similar intensity, one in the wake and one around the body of the copepod. We showed that the entire jumping flow is spatially limited and temporally ephemeral owing to jump-impulsiveness and viscous decay. In contrast, continuous steady swimming generates two well-extended long-lasting momentum jets both in front of and behind the swimmer, as suggested by the well-known steady stresslet model. Based on the observed jump-swimming kinematics of a small copepod Oithona davisae, we further showed that jump-swimming produces a hydrodynamic disturbance with much smaller spatial extension and shorter temporal duration than that produced by a same-size copepod cruising steadily at the same average translating velocity. Hence, small copepods in jumpswimming are much less detectable by rheotactic predators. The present impulsive stresslet model improves a previously published impulsive Stokeslet model that applies only to the wake vortex.
    Description
    Author Posting. © The Authors, 2010. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Royal Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Royal Society Interface 8 (2011): 1090-1103, doi:10.1098/rsif.2010.0481.
    Collections
    • Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering (AOP&E)
    Suggested Citation
    Preprint: Jiang, Houshuo, Kiørboe, Thomas, "The fluid dynamics of swimming by jumping in copepods", 2010-11-04, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0481, https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4302
     

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