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    Estimating hydrodynamic roughness in a wave-dominated environment with a high-resolution acoustic Doppler profiler

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    2003JC001814.pdf (1.630Mb)
    Date
    2005-06-30
    Author
    Lacy, Jessica R.  Concept link
    Sherwood, Christopher R.  Concept link
    Wilson, Douglas J.  Concept link
    Chisholm, Thomas A.  Concept link
    Gelfenbaum, Guy R.  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3616
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001814
    DOI
    10.1029/2003JC001814
    Keyword
     Bottom boundary layer; Hydrodynamic roughness; Sediment transport 
    Abstract
    Hydrodynamic roughness is a critical parameter for characterizing bottom drag in boundary layers, and it varies both spatially and temporally due to variation in grain size, bedforms, and saltating sediment. In this paper we investigate temporal variability in hydrodynamic roughness using velocity profiles in the bottom boundary layer measured with a high-resolution acoustic Doppler profiler (PCADP). The data were collected on the ebb-tidal delta off Grays Harbor, Washington, in a mean water depth of 9 m. Significant wave height ranged from 0.5 to 3 m. Bottom roughness has rarely been determined from hydrodynamic measurements under conditions such as these, where energetic waves and medium-to-fine sand produce small bedforms. Friction velocity due to current u *c and apparent bottom roughness z 0a were determined from the PCADP burst mean velocity profiles using the law of the wall. Bottom roughness k B was estimated by applying the Grant-Madsen model for wave-current interaction iteratively until the model u *c converged with values determined from the data. The resulting k B values ranged over 3 orders of magnitude (10−1 to 10−4 m) and varied inversely with wave orbital diameter. This range of k B influences predicted bottom shear stress considerably, suggesting that the use of time-varying bottom roughness could significantly improve the accuracy of sediment transport models. Bedform height was estimated from k B and is consistent with both ripple heights predicted by empirical models and bedforms in sonar images collected during the experiment.
    Description
    Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 110 (2005): C06014, doi:10.1029/2003JC001814.
    Collections
    • Sediment Transport
    Suggested Citation
    Journal of Geophysical Research 110 (2005): C06014
     

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