Formation of submarine lava channel textures : insights from laboratory simulations

View/ Open
Date
2006-03-28Author
Garry, W. Brent
Concept link
Gregg, Tracy K. P.
Concept link
Soule, Samuel A.
Concept link
Fornari, Daniel J.
Concept link
Metadata
Show full item recordCitable URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3571As published
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003796DOI
10.1029/2005JB003796Abstract
Laboratory simulations using polyethylene glycol (PEG) extruded at a constant rate and temperature into a tank with a uniform basal slope and filled with a cold sucrose solution generate channels that are defined by stationary levees and mobile flow interiors. These laboratory channels consistently display the following surface textures in the channel: smooth, folded, lineated, and chaotic. In the simulations, we can observe specific local conditions including flow rate, position within the channel, and time that combine to develop each texture. The textures in PEG flows form due to relative differences in shear forces between the PEG crust and the underlying liquid wax. Minimal shear forces form smooth crust, whereas folded crust forms when the shear is sufficiently high to cause ductile deformation. Brittle deformation of solid PEG creates a chaotic texture, and lineated crust results from shear forces along the channel-levee margin. We observe similar textures in submarine lava channels with sources at or near the Axial Summit Trough of the East Pacific Rise between 9° and 10°N. We mapped the surface textures of nine submarine lava channels using high-resolution digital images collected during camera tows. These textural maps, along with observations of the formation of similar features in analog flows, reveal important information about the mechanisms occurring across the channel during emplacement, including relative flow velocity and shear stress.
Description
Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2006. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 111 (2006): B03104, doi:10.1029/2005JB003796.
Collections
Suggested Citation
Journal of Geophysical Research 111 (2006): B03104Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
CTD observations in the Great South Channel during the South Channel Ocean Productivity Experiment, SCOPEX, May-June 1989
Limeburner, Richard; Beardsley, Robert C. (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1989-11)CTD and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations were made in the Great South Channel (GSC) off the New England coast during R/V Endeavor cruise EN196 May 18 to June 12, 1989 as part of the South Channel ... -
A sialylated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel binds hemagglutinin and mediates influenza a virus entry into mammalian cells
Fujioka, Yoichiro; Nishide, Shinya; Ose, Toyoyuki; Suzuki, Tadaki; Kato, Izumi; Fukuhara, Hideo; Fujioka, Mari; Horiuchi, Kosui; Satoh, Aya O.; Nepal, Prabha; Kashiwagi, Sayaka; Wang, Jing; Horiguchi, Mika; Sato, Yuko; Paudel, Sarad; Nanbo, Asuka; Miyazaki, Tadaaki; Hasegawa, Hideki; Maenaka, Katsumi; Ohba, Yusuke (2018-04)Influenza A virus (IAV) infection is initiated by the attachment of the viral glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) to sialic acid on the host cell surface. However, the sialic acid– containing receptor crucial for IAV infection ... -
Stage-discharge relationship in tidal channels
Kearney, William S.; Mariotti, Giulio; Deegan, Linda A.; Fagherazzi, Sergio (2016-12)Long-term records of the flow of water through tidal channels are essential to constrain the budgets of sediments and biogeochemical compounds in salt marshes. Statistical models which relate discharge to water level ...