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    Variable morphologic expression of volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes at six hydrothermal vent fields in the Lau back-arc basin

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    2008GC002047.pdf (2.620Mb)
    Date
    2008-07-26
    Author
    Ferrini, Vicki L.  Concept link
    Tivey, Margaret K.  Concept link
    Carbotte, Suzanne M.  Concept link
    Martinez, Fernando  Concept link
    Roman, Christopher N.  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3280
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GC002047
    DOI
    10.1029/2008GC002047
    Keyword
     Bathymetry; Submarine lava morphology; Back-arc ridges; Lau Basin 
    Abstract
    Ultrahigh-resolution bathymetric maps (25 cm grid) are used to quantify the physical dimensions of and spatial relationships between tectonic, volcanic, and hydrothermal features at six hydrothermal vent fields in the Lau back-arc basin. Supplemented with near-bottom photos, and nested within regional DSL-120A side-scan sonar data, these maps provide insight into the nature of hydrothermal systems along the Eastern Lau Spreading Center (ELSC) and Valu Fa Ridge (VFR). Along-axis transitions evident in localized volcanic morphology and tectonic characteristics include a change from broad low-relief volcanic domes (hundreds of meters wide, <10 m tall) that are dominated by pillow and lobate lava morphologies and are cut by faults and fissures to higher aspect ratio volcanic domes (tens of meters wide, tens of meters tall) dominated by aa-type lava morphologies, with finger-like flows, and few tectonic structures. These along-axis differences in localized seafloor morphology suggest differences in hydrothermal circulation pathways within the shallow crust and correlate with regional transitions in a variety of ridge properties, including the large-scale morphology of the ridge axis (shallow axial valley to axial high), seafloor lava compositions, and seismic properties of the upper crust. Differences in morphologic characteristics of individual flows and lava types were also quantified, providing an important first step toward the remote characterization of complex terrains associated with hydrothermal vent fields.
    Description
    Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 9 (2008): Q07022, doi:10.1029/2008GC002047.
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    • Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry (MC&G)
    Suggested Citation
    Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 9 (2008): Q07022
     

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