Substantial sea surface temperature cooling in the Banda Sea associated with the Madden-Julian Oscillation in the boreal winter of 2015
Date
2021-05-30Author
Pei, Suyang
Concept link
Shinoda, Toshiaki
Concept link
Steffen, John D.
Concept link
Seo, Hyodae
Concept link
Metadata
Show full item recordCitable URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/27586As published
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017226DOI
10.1029/2021JC017226Keyword
Banda Sea; sea surface temperature; Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO); mixed layer processes; El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO); Maritime ContinentAbstract
Substantial (∼2°C) basin averaged sea surface temperature (SST) cooling in the Banda Sea occurred in less than a 14-day period during the 2015 boreal winter Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Such rapid and large cooling associated with the MJO has not been reported at least in the last two decades. Processes that control the substantial cooling during the 2015 MJO event are examined using high-resolution ocean reanalysis and one-dimensional (1-D) ocean model simulations. Previous studies suggest that MJO-induced SST variability in the Banda Sea is primarily controlled by surface heat flux. However, heat budget analysis of the model indicates that entrainment cooling produced by vertical mixing contributes more than surface heat flux for driving the basin-wide SST cooling during the 2015 event. Analysis of the ocean reanalysis further demonstrates that the prominent coastal upwelling around islands in the southern basin occurs near the end of the cooling period. The upwelled cold waters are advected by MJO-induced surface currents to a large area within the Banda Sea, which further maintains the basin-wide cold SST. These results are compared with another MJO-driven substantial cooling event during the boreal winter of 2007 in which the cooling is mostly driven by surface heat flux. Sensitivity experiments, in which initial temperature conditions for the two events are replaced by each other, demonstrate that the elevated thermocline associated with the 2015 strong El Niño is largely responsible for the intensified cooling generated by the vertical mixing with colder subsurface waters.
Description
Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2021. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 126(6), (2021):
e2021JC017226, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017226.
Collections
Suggested Citation
Pei, S., Shinoda, T., Steffen, J., & Seo, H. (2021). Substantial sea surface temperature cooling in the Banda Sea associated with the Madden-Julian Oscillation in the boreal winter of 2015. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(6), e2021JC017226.Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Coupled impacts of the diurnal cycle of sea surface temperature on the Madden–Julian oscillation
Seo, Hyodae; Subramanian, Aneesh C.; Miller, Arthur J.; Cavanaugh, Nicholas R. (American Meteorological Society, 2014-11-15)This study quantifies, from a systematic set of regional ocean–atmosphere coupled model simulations employing various coupling intervals, the effect of subdaily sea surface temperature (SST) variability on the onset and ... -
Climate Process Team: improvement of ocean component of NOAA Climate Forecast System relevant to Madden-Julian Oscillation simulations
Shinoda, Toshiaki; Pei, Suyang; Wang, Wanqiu; Fu, Joshua X.; Lien, Ren-Chieh; Seo, Hyodae; Soloviev, Alexander (American Geophysical Union, 2021-10-04)Given the increasing attention in forecasting weather and climate on the subseasonal time scale in recent years, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) announced to support Climate Process Teams (CPTs) which ... -
QBO influence on MJO amplitude over the Maritime Continent: Physical mechanisms and seasonality
Densmore, Casey R.; Sanabia, Elizabeth; Barrett, Bradford S. (American Meteorological Society, 2019-01-07)The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is stratified by stratospheric zonal wind direction and height into four phase pairs [easterly midstratospheric winds (QBOEM), easterly lower-stratospheric winds, westerly midstratospheric ...