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    Causes of oceanic crustal thickness oscillations along a 74-M Mid-Atlantic ridge flow line

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    Date
    2019-11-19
    Author
    Shinevar, William J.  Concept link
    Mark, Hannah F.  Concept link
    Clerc, Fiona  Concept link
    Codillo, Emmanuel A.  Concept link
    Gong, Jianhua  Concept link
    Olive, Jean-Arthur  Concept link
    Brown, Stephanie M.  Concept link
    Smalls, Paris T.  Concept link
    Liao, Yang  Concept link
    Le Roux, Véronique  Concept link
    Behn, Mark D.  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/25465
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GC008711
    Related Material/Data
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/24796
    http://doi.org/10.7284/907681
    DOI
    10.1029/2019GC008711
    Keyword
     ocean crustal thickness; faulting style; Mid‐Atlantic Ridge; spectral analysis; oceanic core complex; magma input variation 
    Abstract
    Gravity, magnetic, and bathymetry data collected along a continuous 1,400‐km‐long spreading‐parallel flow line across the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge indicate significant tectonic and magmatic fluctuations in the formation of oceanic crust over a range of time scales. The transect spans from 28 Ma on the African Plate to 74 Ma on the North American plate, crossing the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge at 35.8°N. Gravity‐derived crustal thicknesses vary from 3–9 km with a standard deviation of 1.0 km. Spectral analysis of bathymetry and residual mantle Bouguer anomaly show a diffuse power at >1 Myr and concurrent peaks at 390, 550, and 950 kyr. Large‐scale (>10 km) mantle thermal and compositional heterogeneities, variations in upper mantle flow, and detachment faulting likely generate the >1 Myr diffuse power. The 550‐ and 950‐kyr peaks may reflect the presence of magma solitons and/or regularly spaced ~7.7 and 13.3 km short‐wavelength mantle compositional heterogeneities. The 390‐kyr spectral peak corresponds to the characteristic spacing of faults along the flow line. Fault spacing also varies over longer periods (>10 Myr), which we interpret as reflecting long‐lived changes in the fraction of tectonically versus magmatically accommodated extensional strain. A newly discovered off‐axis oceanic core complex (Kafka Dome) found at 8 Ma on the African plate further suggests extended time periods of tectonically‐dominated plate separation. Fault spacing negatively correlates with gravity‐derived crustal thickness, supporting a strong link between magma input and fault style at mid‐ocean ridges.
    Description
    Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 20, (2019): 6123-6139, doi: 10.1029/2019GC008711.
    Collections
    • Geology and Geophysics (G&G)
    • Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering (AOP&E)
    Suggested Citation
    Shinevar, W. J., Mark, H. F., Clerc, F., Codillo, E. A., Gong, J., Olive, J., Brown, S. M., Smalls, P. T., Liao, Y., Le Roux, V., & Behn, M. D. (2019). Causes of oceanic crustal thickness oscillations along a 74-M Mid-Atlantic Ridge flow line. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 20, 6123-6139.
     

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