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    Ocean acidification responses in paralarval squid swimming behavior using a novel 3D tracking system

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    Article (6.089Mb)
    Supplementary_material_1 (421.4Kb)
    Date
    2017-08-22
    Author
    Zakroff, Casey  Concept link
    Mooney, T. Aran  Concept link
    Wirth, Colin  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/24021
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3342-9
    DOI
    10.1007/s10750-017-3342-9
    Keyword
     Hypercapnia; Cephalopod; Larvae; Movement analysis; Stress physiology 
    Abstract
    Chronic embryonic exposure to ocean acidification (OA) has been shown to degrade the aragonitic statolith of paralarval squid, Doryteuthis pealeii, a key structure for their swimming behavior. This study examined if day-of-hatching paralarval D. pealeii from eggs reared under chronic OA demonstrated measurable impairments to swimming activity and control. This required the development of a novel, cost-effective, and robust method for 3D motion tracking and analysis. Squid eggs were reared in pCO2 levels in a dose-dependent manner ranging from 400 - 2200 ppm. Initial 2D experiments showed paralarvae in higher acidification environments spent more time at depth. In 3D experiments, velocity, particularly positive and negative vertical velocities, significantly decreased from 400 to 1000 ppm pCO2, but showed non-significant decreases at higher concentrations. Activity and horizontal velocity decreased linearly with increasing pCO2, indicating a subtle impact to paralarval energetics. Patterns may have been obscured by notable individual variability in the paralarvae. Responses were also seen to vary between trials on cohort or potentially annual scales. Overall, paralarval swimming appeared resilient to OA, with effects being slight. The newly developed 3D tracking system provides a powerful and accessible method for future studies to explore similar questions in the larvae of aquatic taxa.
    Description
    Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2019. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Springer Nature for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Zakroff, C., Mooney, T.A. & Wirth, C. Ocean acidification responses in paralarval squid swimming behavior using a novel 3D tracking system. Hydrobiologia, 808(1),(2018):83-106, doi:10.1007/s10750-017-3342-9.
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    Suggested Citation
    Zakroff, C., Mooney, T.A. & Wirth, C. (2018). Ocean acidification responses in paralarval squid swimming behavior using a novel 3D tracking system. Hydrobiologia, 808(1), 83-106.
     
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