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    Caller sex and orientation influence spectral characteristics of “two-voice” stereotyped calls produced by free-ranging killer whales

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    JASA_Miller-2007.pdf (397.5Kb)
    Date
    2007-06
    Author
    Miller, Patrick J. O.  Concept link
    Samarra, Filipa I. P.  Concept link
    Perthuison, Aurelie D.  Concept link
    Metadata
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    Citable URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2342
    As published
    https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2722056
    DOI
    10.1121/1.2722056
    Keyword
     Bioacoustics; Underwater sound 
    Abstract
    This study investigates how particular received spectral characteristics of stereotyped calls of sexually dimorphic adult killer whales may be influenced by caller sex, orientation, and range. Calls were ascribed to individuals during natural behavior using a towed beamforming array. The fundamental frequency of both high-frequency and low-frequency components did not differ consistently by sex. The ratio of peak energy within the fundamental of the high-frequency component relative to summed peak energy in the first two low-frequency component harmonics, and the number of modulation bands off the high-frequency component, were significantly greater when whales were oriented towards the array, while range and adult sex had little effect. In contrast, the ratio of peak energy in the first versus second harmonics of the low-frequency component was greater in calls produced by adult females than adult males, while orientation and range had little effect. The dispersion of energy across harmonics has been shown to relate to body size or sex in terrestrial species, but pressure effects during diving are thought to make such a signal unreliable in diving animals. The observed spectral differences by signaler sex and orientation suggest that these types of information may be transmitted acoustically by freely diving killer whales.
    Description
    Author Posting. © Acoustical Society of America, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of Acoustical Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 121 (2007): 3932-3937, doi:10.1121/1.2722056.
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    Suggested Citation
    Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 121 (2007): 3932-3937
     
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