New species can broaden myelin research: suitability of little skate, Leucoraja erinacea
New species can broaden myelin research: suitability of little skate, Leucoraja erinacea
Date
2021-02-11
Authors
Möbius, Wiebke
Hümmert, Sophie
Ruhwedel, Torben
Kuzirian, Alan M.
Gould, Robert M.
Hümmert, Sophie
Ruhwedel, Torben
Kuzirian, Alan M.
Gould, Robert M.
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Person
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DOI
10.3390/life11020136
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Keywords
Myelin evolution
Little skate
Oligodendrocytes
Schwann cells
Elasmobranch
Spinal cord
Optic nerve
Electron microscopy
Little skate
Oligodendrocytes
Schwann cells
Elasmobranch
Spinal cord
Optic nerve
Electron microscopy
Abstract
Although myelinated nervous systems are shared among 60,000 jawed vertebrates, studies aimed at understanding myelination have focused more and more on mice and zebrafish. To obtain a broader understanding of the myelination process, we examined the little skate, Leucoraja erinacea. The reasons behind initiating studies at this time include: the desire to study a species belonging to an out group of other jawed vertebrates; using a species with embryos accessible throughout development; the availability of genome sequences; and the likelihood that mammalian antibodies recognize homologs in the chosen species. We report that the morphological features of myelination in a skate hatchling, a stage that supports complex behavioral repertoires needed for survival, are highly similar in terms of: appearances of myelinating oligodendrocytes (CNS) and Schwann cells (PNS); the way their levels of myelination conform to axon caliber; and their identity in terms of nodal and paranodal specializations. These features provide a core for further studies to determine: axon–myelinating cell communication; the structures of the proteins and lipids upon which myelinated fibers are formed; the pathways used to transport these molecules to sites of myelin assembly and maintenance; and the gene regulatory networks that control their expressions.
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© The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Moebius, W., Huemmert, S., Ruhwedel, T., Kuzirian, A., & Gould, R. New species can broaden myelin research: suitability of little skate, Leucoraja erinacea. Life, 11(2), (2021): 136, https://doi.org/10.3390/life11020136.
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Moebius, W., Huemmert, S., Ruhwedel, T., Kuzirian, A., & Gould, R. (2021). New species can broaden myelin research: suitability of little skate, Leucoraja erinacea. Life, 11(2), 136.