Anderson
Steven P.
Anderson
Steven P.
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Technical ReportPan American Climate Study (PACS) : mooring recovery cruise report, R/V Melville cruise PACS03MV, 6 September to 30 September 1998(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1999-05) Ostrom, William M. ; Way, Bryan S. ; Anderson, Steven P. ; Jones, Brent ; Key, Erica ; Yuras, GabrielTwo surface moorings were recovered during R/V Melville cruise PACS03MV in the eastern equatorial Pacific as part of the Pan American Climate Study (PACS). PACS is a NOAA-funded study with the goal of investigating links between sea-surface temperature variability in the tropical oceans near the Americas and climate over the American continents. The two moorings were deployed near 125°W, spanning the strong meridional sea-surface temperature gradient associated with the cold tongue south of the equator and the warmer ocean north of the equator, near the northernmost, summer location of the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone. The moored array was deployed to improve the understanding of air-sea fluxes and of the processes that control the evolution of the sea surface temperature field in the region. Two surface mooring, located at 3°S, 125°W and 10°N, 125°W, belonging to the Upper Ocean Proccess (UOP) Group at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), were recovered after being on station for eight months. This was the second setting of the two moorings that had been redeployed from the University of Washington's R/V Thomas Thompson cruise number 73. The buoys of the two WHOI moorings were each equipped with meteorological instrumentation, including a Vector Averaging Wind Recorder (VAWR), and an Improved METeorological (IMET) system. The WHOI moorings also carried Vector Measuring Current Meters, single point temperature recorders, and conductivity and temperature recorders located in the upper 200 meters of the mooring line. In addition to the instrumentation noted above, a variety of other instruments, including an acoustic current meter, acoustic doppler meters, bio-optical instrument packages and an acoustic rain gauge, were deployed during the PACS field program.
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Technical ReportThe horizontal mooring : a two-dimensional array, description of the array, components, instrumentation, deployment and recovery operations(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1999-09) Trask, Richard P. ; Anderson, Steven P. ; Way, Bryan S. ; Ostrom, William M. ; Paul, Walter ; Grosenbaugh, Mark A. ; Gobat, Jason I. ; Weller, Robert A.A moored two-dimensional array with instrumentation distributed both horizontally and vertically was deployed for 27 days in August 1998 at an 85 meter deep site in Massachusetts Bay near Stellwagon basin. The horizontal mooring consisted of a 160- meter long horizontal element positioned at a depth of 20 meters between two subsurface moorings. Suspended below the horizontal member were five 25-meter long vertical strings. The vertical strings had a horizontal separation of 30 meters and each had instruments at depths of 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 meters. Instrumentation deployed on the two-dimensional array included acoustic current meters, temperature sensors, conductivity measuring instruments, pressure sensors and motion monitoring packages. This report includes a detailed description of the two-dimensional array, the anchoring system and the instrumentation that were deployed. Also included is a description of the deployment and recovery techniques that were employed as well as an assessment of the performance of the array.
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Technical ReportAcquisition, description and evaluation of atmospheric model products for the coastal mixing and optics experiments(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1997-03) Baumgartner, Mark F. ; Anderson, Steven P.Numerical weather forecasting model products were acquired for use in the Coastal Mixing and Optics (CMO) Experiment to augment in situ observations of meteorological parameters (e.g., wind speed and direction, air temperature and relative humidity) at a moored array of buoys in the Middle Atlantic Bight. In this report, the Eta and Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) regional models are described and the two methods of acquisition via the Internet, the Internet Data Distribution (IDD) system and file transfer (FTP) from the NOAA Information Center's data server, are discussed. Processing and archival of the model data are also addressed. Data from the CMO central mooring and six National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoys in the Middle Atlantic bight were used to evaluate the accuracy of the model products. Comparisons between model and in situ wind speed, wind direction, barometrc pressure, air temperature and sea surface temperature were possible for all seven of the buoys. Since no moisture measurement was made from the NDBC buoys, comparisons of relative and specific humidity were only possible at the CMO buoy. Sensible and latent heat fluxes and global (net) radiation from the models were compared to estimates of heat fluxes and net radiation from the CMO central buoy.
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Technical ReportCoastal mixing and optics experiment moored array data report(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1999-12) Galbraith, Nancy R. ; Plueddemann, Albert J. ; Lentz, Steven J. ; Anderson, Steven P. ; Baumgartner, Mark F. ; Edson, James B.To investigate vertical mixing processes influencing the evolution of the stratification over continental shelves a moored array was deployed on the New England shelf from August 1996 to June 1997 as part of the Office of Naval Research's Coastal Mixing and Optics program. The array consisted of four mid-shelf sites instrumented to measure oceanic (currents, temperature, salinity, pressure, and surface gravity wave spectra) and meteorological (winds, surface heat flux, precipitation) variables. This report presents a description of the moored array, a summary of the data processing, and statistics and time-series plots summarizing the data. A report on the mooring recovery cruise and a summary of shipboard CTD surveys taken during the mooring deployment are also included.
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DatasetCoastal mixing and optics moored array experiment(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1997-09) Baumgartner, Mark F. ; Anderson, Steven P.This 5 CDROM set contains in-situ and numerical weather prediction model data collected during the Coastal Mixing and Optics (CMO) Experiment. These data were analyzed in a manuscript entitled "Evaluation of NCEP regional numerical weather prediction model surface fields over the Middle Atlantic Bight" which can be found in Postscript format on CDROM 1 in the "paper" directory. Three NWP models (the early Eta, meso Eta and RUC-1) were evaluated using in-situ meteorological observations and air-sea flux estimates from the central CMO buoy and six NDBC buoys. Based on these evaluations, gridded air-sea flux fields for use in the CMO experiment were generated from the meso Eta model surface fields. Both the original and adjusted meso Eta model surface fields can be found in this CDROM set. CDROM 1 contains all of the in-situ measurements as well as the model data extracted at each of the moored buoys. CDROM 1 also contains the AVHRR 14 km SST analysis from NCEP, the GCIP incoming surface shortwave product, plots of the 0, 3, 6 and 9 hour adjusted meso Eta forecasts for both the meteorology and air-sea fluxes and two QuickTime animations of the adjusted meso Eta model fields. CDROMs 2 and 3 contain the meso Eta model surface data acquired from NCEP archives and reformatted from GRIB to NetCDF. CDROMs 4 and 5 contain the CMO air-sea flux fields derived from the meso Eta surface fields. The source code of the program used to generate the CMO flux fields is in the "code" directory on CDROM 1.
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Technical ReportTOGA COARE mooring deployment, mooring check-out and mooring recovery cruises : R/V Wecoma 7 October-1 November 1992, R/V Le Noriot 2 December-15 December 1992, R/V Wecoma 27 February-11 March 1993(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1993-05) Plueddemann, Albert J. ; Trask, Richard P. ; Ostrom, William M. ; Weller, Robert A. ; Way, Bryan S. ; Anderson, Steven P. ; Bogue, Neil M. ; Shilingford, J. ; Hill, S.The Tropical Ocean - Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean - Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) was conceived in order to improve understanding of the principal processes responsible for coupling of the ocean and atmosphere in the western Pacific warm pool region. Field work for TOGA COARE was concentrated in an Intensive Flux Array (IFA) and included a variety of atmospheric and oceanic platforms. The Upper Ocean Processes Group (UOPG) was involved in TOGA COARE through the preparation, deployment, and recovery of a heavily instrumented surface mooring for the observation of air-sea fluxes and oceanic temperature, salinity, and currents in the upper 300 m. The mooring was deployed at 1°,45.27'S, 155°,59.73'E on 21 October 1992 in 1744 m of water. An instrument check-out cruise was undertaken in December of 1992 in order to evaluate the meteorological systems on the buoy. The mooring was recovered on 4 March 1993. This report describes mooring deployment operations, the instrument check-out cruise, and the mooring recovery. UOPG personnel also assisted with the deployment and recovery of five other moorings as a part of the COARE IFA and these operations are discussed.
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Technical ReportCoastal mixing and optics experiment : mooring deployment cruise report R/V Oceanus cruise number 284 31 July-11 August 1996(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1997-08) Galbraith, Nancy R. ; Ostrom, William M. ; Way, Bryan S. ; Lentz, Steven J. ; Anderson, Steven P. ; Baumgartner, Mark F. ; Plueddemann, Albert J. ; Edson, James B.An array of moorings at four sites at a mid-shelf location in the mid-Atlantic Bight was deployed for a period of 10 months beginning in August 1996 as part of the Coastal Mixing and Optics Experiment (CMO), funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). The purpose of this array is to gather information to help identify and understand the vertical mixing processes influencing the evolution of the stratification over the shelf. The observations from this moored array will be used to investigate changes in the stratification in response to atmospheric forcing, surface gravity wave variabilty, surface and bottom boundary layer mixing, current shear, internal waves, and advection. This report describes the primary mooring deployments carried out by the Upper Ocean Processes (UOP) Group on the R/V Oceanus, sailing out of Woods Hole during July, August, and September of 1996.