Fauria Kristen

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Last Name
Fauria
First Name
Kristen
ORCID
0000-0002-9065-6147

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  • Article
    The largest deep-ocean silicic volcanic eruption of the past century
    (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2018-01-10) Carey, Rebecca ; Soule, Samuel A. ; Manga, Michael ; White, James D. L. ; McPhie, Jocelyn ; Wysoczanski, Richard ; Jutzeler, Martin ; Tani, Kenichiro ; Yoerger, Dana R. ; Fornari, Daniel J. ; Caratori Tontini, Fabio ; Houghton, Bruce ; Mitchell, Samuel ; Ikegami, Fumihiko ; Conway, Chris E. ; Murch, Arran ; Fauria, Kristen ; Jones, Meghan ; Cahalan, Ryan ; McKenzie, Warren
    The 2012 submarine eruption of Havre volcano in the Kermadec arc, New Zealand, is the largest deep-ocean eruption in history and one of very few recorded submarine eruptions involving rhyolite magma. It was recognized from a gigantic 400-km2 pumice raft seen in satellite imagery, but the complexity of this event was concealed beneath the sea surface. Mapping, observations, and sampling by submersibles have provided an exceptionally high fidelity record of the seafloor products, which included lava sourced from 14 vents at water depths of 900 to 1220 m, and fragmental deposits including giant pumice clasts up to 9 m in diameter. Most (>75%) of the total erupted volume was partitioned into the pumice raft and transported far from the volcano. The geological record on submarine volcanic edifices in volcanic arcs does not faithfully archive eruption size or magma production.
  • Article
    Observations of shallow methane bubble emissions from Cascadia Margin
    (Frontiers Media, 2021-04-29) Michel, Anna P. M. ; Preston, Victoria Lynn ; Fauria, Kristen ; Nicholson, David P.
    Open questions exist about whether methane emitted from active seafloor seeps reaches the surface ocean to be subsequently ventilated to the atmosphere. Water depth variability, coupled with the transient nature of methane bubble plumes, adds complexity to examining these questions. Little data exist which trace methane transport from release at a seep into the water column. Here, we demonstrate a coupled technological approach for examining methane transport, combining multibeam sonar, a field-portable laser-based spectrometer, and the ChemYak, a robotic surface kayak, at two shallow (<75 m depth) seep sites on the Cascadia Margin. We demonstrate the presence of elevated methane (above the methane equilibration concentration with the atmosphere) throughout the water column. We observe areas of elevated dissolved methane at the surface, suggesting that at these shallow seep sites, methane is reaching the air-sea interface and is being emitted to the atmosphere.
  • Article
    Submarine giant pumice: A window into the shallow conduit dynamics of a recent silicic eruption.
    (Springer, 2019-06-29) Mitchell, Samuel J. ; Houghton, Bruce ; Carey, Rebecca ; Manga, Michael ; Fauria, Kristen ; Jones, Meghan R. ; Soule, S. Adam ; Conway, Chris E. ; Wei, Zihan ; Giachetti, Thomas
    Meter-scale vesicular blocks, termed “giant pumice,” are characteristic primary products of many subaqueous silicic eruptions. The size of giant pumices allows us to describe meter-scale variations in textures and geochemistry with implications for shearing processes, ascent dynamics, and thermal histories within submarine conduits prior to eruption. The submarine eruption of Havre volcano, Kermadec Arc, in 2012, produced at least 0.1 km3 of rhyolitic giant pumice from a single 900-m-deep vent, with blocks up to 10 m in size transported to at least 6 km from source. We sampled and analyzed 29 giant pumices from the 2012 Havre eruption. Geochemical analyses of whole rock and matrix glass show no evidence for geochemical heterogeneities in parental magma; any textural variations can be attributed to crystallization of phenocrysts and microlites, and degassing. Extensive growth of microlites occurred near conduit walls where magma was then mingled with ascending microlite-poor, low viscosity rhyolite. Meter- to micron-scale textural analyses of giant pumices identify diversity throughout an individual block and between the exteriors of individual blocks. We identify evidence for post-disruption vesicle growth during pumice ascent in the water column above the submarine vent. A 2D cumulative strain model with a flared, shallow conduit may explain observed vesicularity contrasts (elongate tube vesicles vs spherical vesicles). Low vesicle number densities in these pumices from this high-intensity silicic eruption demonstrate the effect of hydrostatic pressure above a deep submarine vent in suppressing rapid late-stage bubble nucleation and inhibiting explosive fragmentation in the shallow conduit.