%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Gridded Hydrography and Bulk Air-Sea interactions observed by the Ocean Observatory Initiative (OOI) Coastal Pioneer New England Shelf Mooring Array (2015-2022) Data Type: netCDF4 Size of Data: 1.87 GB Version: 1.0.0 Version Date: 2023-06-18 Processing: Level 3 (Geophysical variables mapped on uniform space-time grid scales, usually with some completeness and consistency.) Data Source: Ocean Observatory Initiative (OOI) Coastal Pioneer New England Shelf Array Website: i) https://ooinet.oceanobservatories.org (Main landing page) ii) https://erddap.dataexplorer.oceanobservatories.org/erddap/index.html (ERDDAP Server for Data Download) License: CC-BY 4.0. Warranty and Liability: The data may be used and redistributed for free but is not intended for legal use, since it may contain inaccuracies. Neither the data Contributor, ERD, NOAA, nor the United States Government, nor any of their employees or contractors, makes any warranty, express or implied, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, or assumes any legal liability for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness, of this information. Authors: Lukas Lobert, Glen Gawarkiewicz, Al Plueddemann Cite as: Lobert, L., Gawarkiewicz, G., & Plueddemann, A. (2023). Gridded Hydrography and Bulk Air-Sea interactions observed by the Ocean Observatory Initiative (OOI) Coastal Pioneer New England Shelf Mooring Array (2015-2022) (1.0.0). [Dataset] WHOAS Woods Hole Open Access Server. doi: 10.26025/1912/66379 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26025/1912/66379 Acknowledgements: Data are provided by the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI), which is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement No. 1743430. Summary: Low-level quality-controlled one- and two-dimensional time series data from the OOI Coastal Pioneer Array Moorings (2015/01/01 - 2022/06/01). Further details are provided in Lobert et al. (2023), the WHOAS data overview page (see DOI above), and the OOI Coastal Pioneer website (https://oceanobservatories.org/array/coastal-pioneer-array/). Related publication: Lobert, L., Gawarkiewicz, G., and Plueddemann, A. (2023). Categorization of High-Wind Events and Their Contribution to the Seasonal Breakdown of Stratification on the Southern New England Shelf. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 128, e2022JC019625. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC019625 Contact: Lukas Lobert (llobert@hwhoi.edu) %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% The dataset is split by mooring (i.e., one nc-file per mooring): NC-FILE NAME OOI-SPECIFIC NAME (ERDDAP-SERVER) PLATFORM DESCRIPTION A] Stationary (i.e., constant pressure) ocean hydrography from surface buoys equipped with three static platforms at different depths: OOIcp_CTD_ISSM_stat.nc ooi-cp03issm-sbd11-06-metbka000 Inshore Surface Buoy (ISSM): Surface buoy ooi-cp03issm-rid27-03-ctdbpc000 Inshore Surface Buoy (ISSM): Near-Surface Instrument Frame (NSIF) ooi-cp03issm-mfd37-03-ctdbpd000 Inshore Surface Buoy (ISSM): Multi-function bottom node (MFBN) OOIcp_CTD_CNSM_stat.nc ooi-cp01cnsm-sbd11-06-metbka000 Central Surface Buoy (CNSM): Surface buoy ooi-cp01cnsm-rid27-03-ctdbpc000 Central Surface Buoy (CNSM): Near-Surface Instrument Frame (NSIF) ooi-cp01cnsm-mfd37-03-ctdbpd000 Central Surface Buoy (CNSM): Multi-function bottom node (MFBN) OOIcp_CTD_OSSM_stat.nc ooi-cp04ossm-sbd11-06-metbka000 Offshore Surface Buoy (OSSM): Surface buoy ooi-cp04ossm-rid27-03-ctdbpc000 Offshore Surface Buoy (OSSM): Near-Surface Instrument Frame (NSIF) ooi-cp04ossm-mfd37-03-ctdbpe000 Offshore Surface Buoy (OSSM): Multi-function bottom node (MFBN) B] Two-dimensional pressure-time data of ocean hydrography from interpolating wire profiler data: OOIcp_CTD_ISPM_prof.nc ooi-cp03ispm-wfp01-03-ctdpfk000 Inshore Profiler Mooring (ISPM): Water column profiler OOIcp_CTD_PMUI_prof.nc ooi-cp02pmui-wfp01-03-ctdpfk000 Upstream Inshore Profiler Mooring (PMUI): Water column profiler OOIcp_CTD_PMCI_prof.nc ooi-cp02pmci-wfp01-03-ctdpfk000 Central Inshore Profiler Mooring (PMCI): Water column profiler OOIcp_CTD_CNPM_prof.nc ooi-cp01cnpm-wfp01-03-ctdpfk000 Central Profiler Mooring (CNPM): Water column profiler OOIcp_CTD_PMCO_prof.nc ooi-cp02pmco-wfp01-03-ctdpfk000 Central Offshore Profiler Mooring (PMCO): Water column profiler OOIcp_CTD_OSPM_prof.nc ooi-cp04ospm-wfp01-03-ctdpfk000 Offshore Profiler Mooring (OSPM): Water column profiler OOIcp_CTD_PMUO_prof.nc ooi-cp02pmuo-wfp01-03-ctdpfk000 Upstream Offshore Profiler Mooring (PMUO): Water column profiler C] Sea Surface Meteorology and bulk-inferred surface buoyancy fluxes from surface buoys bulk meteorology packages (bulk surface buoyancy fluxes are computed with COARE3.5 (Edson et al., 2013)): OOIcp_Met_ISSM.nc ooi-cp03issm-sbd11-06-metbka000 Inshore Surface Mooring (ISSM): Meteorological bulk variables OOIcp_Met_CNSM.nc ooi-cp01cnsm-sbd11-06-metbka000 Central Surface Mooring (CNSM) A: Meteorological bulk variables OOIcp_Met_OSSM.nc ooi-cp04ossm-sbd11-06-metbka000 Offshore Surface Mooring (OSSM): Meteorological bulk variables OOIcp_Met_Combined.nc ooi-cp03issm-sbd11-06-metbka000, Combined sea surface meteorology and surface wind stress time series ooi-cp01cnsm-sbd11-06-metbka000, with gaps in ISSM-record replaced by CNSM- and OSSM-data, respectively. ooi-cp04ossm-sbd11-06-metbka000 Replacement is restricted to variables with spatial decorrelation scales >> distance between buoys. See README for more details. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% The following variables 0] Variables for all moorings: - time Time in days since 0000-00-00 00:00:00 (first time point is at 2015-01-01 00:00:00) hourly resolution - lat Latitude [in °N] - lon Longitude [in °E] A+B] Hydrography data - temp in-situ temperature [in °C] - sali Practical salinity inferred from conductivity [in PSU] - pres Pressure [in decibar (db)] - dens Potential density with reference pressure level p=0db (surface), inferred from temperature, practical salinity, and pressure using the TEOS-10 thermodynamic equation of states (McDougall & Barker, 2011) [in kg/m^3] A+B] Sea surface meteorology and bulk surface buoyancy flux data: - u3m Zonal wind speed at 3m height [in m/s] - v3m Meridional wind speed at 3m height [in m/s] - tair Air temperature at 2m height [in °C] - pair Sea level pressure [in hPa (or mb)] - qRH Relative humidity [in percent (%)] - qspec Specific humidity at 2m height [in g/g] - uc Zonal surface current velocity (at 2m depth) [in m/s] - vc Meridional surface current velocity (at 2m depth) [in m/s] - taux Zonal surface windstress (from COARE3.5 bulk algorithm (Edson et al., 2013) without sea-state dependence) [in N/m^2] - tauy Zonal surface windstress (from COARE3.5 bulk algorithm (Edson et al., 2013) without sea-state dependence) [in N/m^2] - udeg Wind Direction (0° = Northerly | 90° = Easterly) [in degree (°)] - SWdown Downward shortwave radiation [in W/m^2] - SWup Upward shortwave radiation as a fraction from downward shortwave radiation inferred from sun-angle dependent albedo, using latitude, longitude, and yearday (Payne, 1972) [in W/m^2] - LWdown Downward longwave radiation [in W/m^2] - LWup Upward longwave radiation (from COARE3.5 bulk algorithm (Edson et al., 2013) without sea-state dependence) [in W/m^2] - Flat Latent surface heat flux out of the ocean (from COARE3.5 bulk algorithm (Edson et al., 2013) without sea-state dependence) [in W/m^2] - Fsens Sensible surface heat flux out of the ocean (from COARE3.5 bulk algorithm (Edson et al., 2013) without sea-state dependence) [in W/m^2] - Fheat Net surface heat flux into the ocean: Fheat = Swdown – Swup + Lwdown – Lwup – Flat – Fsens [in W/m^2] - E Evaporation rate from surface (from COARE3.5 bulk algorithm (Edson et al., 2013) without sea-state dependence) [in mm/h] - P Precipitation rate [in mm/h] - Fbuoy Net surface buoyancy flux into the ocean due to thermal expansion from surface heating/cooling (Fheat) and surface freshwater flux (E-P) [in m^2/s^3] %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% REFERENCES: Edson, J. B., Jampana, V., Weller, R.A., Bigorre, S.P., Plueddemann, A.J., Fairall, C.W., Miller, S.D., Mahrt, L., Vickers, D., & Hersbach, H. (2013): On the Exchange of Momentum over the Open Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 43, 1589–1610, doi:10.1175/JPO-D-12-0173.1. McDougall, T.J. and P.M. Barker (2011): Getting started with TEOS-10 and the Gibbs Seawater (GSW) Oceanographic Toolbox, 28pp., SCOR/IAPSO WG127, ISBN 978-0-646-55621-5. Payne, R. E. (1972): Albedo of the Sea Surface. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 959–970, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1972)029<0959:AOTSS>2.0.CO;2