Auxiliary Material for Paper 2011PA002132

Reconstructing the thermal structure of the upper ocean: Insights from planktic foraminifera shell chemistry and alkenones in modern sediments of the tropical eastern Indian Ocean

Mahyar Mohtadi
MARUM–Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

Delia W. Oppo
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA 

Andreas Lückge
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hannover, Germany 

Ricardo DePol-Holz
Earth System Science Department, University of California, Irvine, California, USA 

Stephan Steinke
MARUM–Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany 

Jeroen Groeneveld
MARUM–Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany 
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany

Nils Hemme
Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

Dierk Hebbeln
MARUM–Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

Mohtadi, M., D. W. Oppo, A. Lückge, R. DePol-Holz, S. Steinke, J. Groeneveld, N. Hemme, and D. Hebbeln (2011), Reconstructing the thermal structure of the upper ocean: Insights from planktic foraminifera shell chemistry and alkenones in modern sediments of the tropical eastern Indian Ocean, Paleoceanography, 26, PA3219, doi:10.1029/2011PA002132.


Introduction

The auxiliary material includes 3 figures. Figure S1 contains temperature profiles from the World Ocean Atlas 05 data for the upper 200m of various basins in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean [Locarnini et al., 2006]. Figure S2 contains salinity profiles from the World Ocean Atlas 05 data for the upper 200m of various basins in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean [Antonov et al., 2006]. Figure S3 shows the correlation between shell Mg/Ca values of two planktic foraminifera species (G. ruber and G. bulloides) and temperatures at their apparent calcification depths.

1. 2011pa002132-fs01.tif
Figure S1. Temperature profiles for the upper 200m in the study area from the WOA 05 [Locarnini et al., 2006], averaged for different basins. Annual mean temperatures are indicated by solid black lines, boreal summer temperatures by dashed black lines, and boreal winter temperatures by dashed gray lines.

2. 2011pa002132-fs02.tif
Figure S2. Salinity profiles for the upper 200m in the study area from the WOA 05 [Antonov et al., 2006], averaged for different basins. Annual mean salinities are indicated by solid black lines, boreal summer salinities by dashed black lines, and boreal winter salinities by dashed gray lines.

3. 2011pa002132-fs03.tif
Figure S3. Shell Mg/Ca values of G. bulloides (A-C) and G. ruber s.s. (D-E) versus WOA 05 temperatures [Locarnini et al., 2006] at their apparent calcification depths with a significant correlation (R^2). Temperatures in A-C are boreal summer temperatures, in D-E annual mean temperatures. Gray: the entire data sets; black: average values for each basin.

References:

Antonov, J. I., R. A. Locarnini, T. P. Boyer, A. V. Mishonov, and H. E. Garcia (2006), World Ocean Atlas 2005, Volume 2: Salinity, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
Locarnini, R. A., A. V. Mishonov, J. I. Antonov, T. P. Boyer, and H. E. Garcia (2006), World Ocean Atlas 2005, Volume 1: Temperature, 182 pp., U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.