http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset/807010
eng; USA
utf8
dataset
Highest level of data collection, from a common set of sensors or instrumentation, usually within the same research project
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
2020-03-26
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Series 4A: Multiple stressor experiments on Synechococcus elongatus (CCMP1629) – Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC)
2020-03-26
publication
2020-03-26
revision
Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)
2020-08-31
publication
https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.807010.1
Uta Passow
University of California-Santa Barbara
principalInvestigator
Dr Edward Laws
Louisiana State University
principalInvestigator
Nigel D'Souza
University of California-Santa Barbara
principalInvestigator
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
publisher
documentDigital
Cite this dataset as: Passow, U., Laws, E., D'Souza, N. (2020) Series 4A: Multiple stressor experiments on Synechococcus elongatus (CCMP1629) – Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2020-03-26 [if applicable, indicate subset used]. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.807010.1 [access date]
Series 4A: DIC Dataset Description: <p>The experiments in Series 4A were designed to test the combined effects of two CO2 concentrations, four temperatures, and three light intensities on growth and photophysiology of the cyanobacteria Synechococcus elongatus CCMP1629 in a multifactorial design. This dataset reports the Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) levels measured during the experiments.</p> Acquisition Description: <p>The experiments were designed to test the combined effects of two CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations, four temperatures, and three light intensities on growth and photophysiology of the cyanobacterium <em>Synechococcus elongatus</em> CCMP1629 in a multifactorial design. Two CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations were tested: 410 ppm, and 1000 ppm. For each CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, four temperatures were tested: 20°C, 28°C, 36°C, and 44°C. Within each temperature, three light levels were tested: sub-optimum irradiance (SOI) intensity of 50 umol photons · m<sup>-2</sup> · s<sup>-1</sup>, optimum irradiance (OI) intensity of 230 umol photons · m<sup>-2</sup> · s<sup>-1</sup> and extreme Irradiance (EI) intensity of 600 umol photons · m<sup>-2</sup> · s<sup>-1</sup>. All lights were set at a 12 h day: 12 h dark cycle. For logistical reasons, experiments were partially conducted in series, with all light treatments at all four temperatures running simultaneously. This was repeated for each CO<sub>2</sub> concentration.</p>
<p>Experiments were conducted in Multicultivator MC-1000 OD units (Photon Systems Instruments, Drasov, Czech Republic). Each unit consists of eight 85 ml test-tubes immersed in a thermostated water bath, each independently illuminated by an array of cool white LEDs set at specific intensity and timing. A 0.2um filtered CO<sub>2</sub>-air mix (Praxair Distribution Inc.) was bubbled through sterile artificial seawater, and the humidified gas mix was supplied to each tube via gentle sparging through a 2um stainless steel diffuser. Flow rates were gradually increased over the course of the incubation to compensate for the DIC uptake of actively growing cells, and ranged from &lt;0.04 Liters per minute (LPM) at the start of the incubations to 0.08 LPM in each tube after 2 days. For each CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature level, replication was achieved by incubating three tubes at sub-optimum light intensities, two tubes at optimum light intensity, and three tubes at extreme light intensities. Each experiment was split into two phases: An acclimation phase spanning 3 days, was used to acclimate cultures to their new environment. Pre-acclimated, exponentially-growing cultures were then inoculated into fresh media and incubated through a 3-day experimental phase during which assessments of growth, photophysiology, and nutrient cycling were carried out daily. All sampling started 5 hours into the daily light cycle to minimize effects of diurnal cycles.</p>
<p>Experiments were conducted with artificial seawater (ASW) prepared using previously described methods (Kester et. al 1967), and enriched with nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub>), and phosphate (PO<sub>4</sub>), at levels ensuring that the cultures would remain nutrient-replete over the course of the experiment. Trace metals and vitamins were added as in <em>f/2</em> (Guillard 1975). The expected DIC concentration, and pH of the growth media was determined for the different pCO<sub>2</sub> and temperatures using the CO2SYS calculator (Pierrot et al. 2006), with constants from Mehrbach et al. (1973, refit by Dickson &amp; Millero 1987), and inputs of temperature, salinity, total alkalinity (2376.5 umol · kg<sup>−1</sup>), pCO<sub>2</sub>, phosphate, and silicic acid. DIC levels in ASW at the start of each phase of the experiments were manipulated by the addition of NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, and was then maintained by bubbling a CO<sub>2</sub>-Air mix through the cultures over the course of the experiments. The pH of the growth media was measured spectrophometrically using the m-cresol purple method (Dickson 1993), and adjusted using 0.1N HCl or 0.1M NaOH. The media was distributed into 75 ml aliquots and each aliquot was inoculated with the <em>S. elongatus</em> CCMP 1629 (SE1629) stock culture at the start of the experiments.</p>
<p><strong>Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) measurements:</strong></p>
<p>DIC was measured in freshly prepared media, and at the end of the experiment phase. 25 ml of the sample was siphoned into clean glass serum vials, fixed with HgCL2 (0.035 % final conc. v/v), and sealed with butyl rubber septa. Samples were stored at 4°C until analyzed. Prior experiments had confirmed that no gas exchange, and/or change in DIC occurred during sample storage for up to 30 days using this method. Total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2) samples were analyzed using an automated infrared inorganic carbon analyzer (AIRICA).&nbsp; The AIRICA-23 (MARIANDA, Kiel, Germany), is a high precision instrument used to measure total dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater. The system uses a high precision syringe and a mass flow controller to deliver a known volume of sample into a stripper where it is then acidified, converting the inorganic carbon species into CO2 and delivered under constant flow to nondispersive infrared detector. The CO2 is then carried using an inert reference gas (N2) into a LICOR-7000 that measures pCO2 using the difference in infrared absorbance between a sample and reference cell. The pCO2 is recorded over time and integrated by the AIRICA software. This integrated value is proportional to the amount of dissolved inorganic carbon evolved from the sample and converted to carbon units using a conversion factor (CT Factor). The CT Factor is determined by calibration of the system against a certified reference material of known value (Dickson et al. 2007. Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements). The value is converted to gravimetric units (umol/kg) using the volume, temperature and salinity of the sample. In order to check for analytical stability of the system throughout a run, a certified reference material is used in between every 5 samples. Replicate DIC measurements were averaged.</p>
<p><strong>Problem Report:&nbsp;</strong><br />
Target pH calculations were accidentally made for 25°C, so that the actual carbonate system in temperature treatments other than 25°C were vastly different from target.</p>
Funding provided by NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) Award Number: OCE-1538602 Award URL: http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1538602
completed
Uta Passow
University of California-Santa Barbara
709-864-8010
Ocean Sciences Centre, Memorial University Marine Lab Road, Logy Bay
St. John's
Newfoundland
A1C 5S7
Canada
uta.passow@mun.ca
pointOfContact
Dr Edward Laws
Louisiana State University
225 578-3334
Louisiana State University School of the Coast and Environment 1002R Energy, Coast and Environment Building
Baton Rouge
LA
70803
USA
edlaws@lsu.edu
pointOfContact
Nigel D'Souza
University of California-Santa Barbara
419-819-9039
Marine Science Institute
nigel.dsouza@lifesci.ucsb.edu
pointOfContact
asNeeded
Dataset Version: 1
Unknown
CO2
Temperature
Irradiance
Tube
Phase
Day
DIC
Multicultivator MC-1000 OD (Photon Systems Instruments, Drasov, Czech Republic)
AIRICA-23 (MARIANDA, Kiel, Germany)
LICOR-7000
theme
None, User defined
Partial pressure of CO2
water temperature
irradiance
sample identification
no standard parameter
days
dissolved inorganic Carbon
featureType
BCO-DMO Standard Parameters
Cell Cultivator
Inorganic Carbon Analyzers
Inorganic Carbon Analyzers
instrument
BCO-DMO Standard Instruments
otherRestrictions
otherRestrictions
Access Constraints: none. Use Constraints: Please follow guidelines at: http://www.bco-dmo.org/terms-use Distribution liability: Under no circumstances shall BCO-DMO be liable for any direct, incidental, special, consequential, indirect, or punitive damages that result from the use of, or the inability to use, the materials in this data submission. If you are dissatisfied with any materials in this data submission your sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use.
Collaborative Research: Effects of multiple stressors on Marine Phytoplankton
https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/654347
Collaborative Research: Effects of multiple stressors on Marine Phytoplankton
<p>The overarching goal of this project is to develop a framework for understanding the response of phytoplankton to multiple environmental stresses. Marine phytoplankton, which are tiny algae, produce as much oxygen as terrestrial plants and provide food, directly or indirectly, to all marine animals. Their productivity is thus important both for global elemental cycles of oxygen and carbon, as well as for the productivity of the ocean. Globally the productivity of marine phytoplankton appears to be changing, but while we have some understanding of the response of phytoplankton to shifts in one environmental parameter at a time, like temperature, there is very little knowledge of their response to simultaneous changes in several parameters. Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations result in both ocean acidification and increased surface water temperatures. The latter in turn leads to greater ocean stratification and associated changes in light exposure and nutrient availability for the plankton. Recently it has become apparent that the response of phytoplankton to simultaneous changes in these growth parameters is not additive. For example, the effect of ocean acidification may be severe at one temperature-light combination and negligible at another. The researchers of this project will carry out experiments that will provide a theoretical understanding of the relevant interactions so that the impact of climate change on marine phytoplankton can be predicted in an informed way. This project will engage high schools students through training of a teacher and the development of a teaching unit. Undergraduate and graduate students will work directly on the research. A cartoon journalist will create a cartoon story on the research results to translate the findings to a broader general public audience.</p>
<p>Each phytoplankton species has the capability to acclimatize to changes in temperature, light, pCO2, and nutrient availability - at least within a finite range. However, the response of phytoplankton to multiple simultaneous stressors is frequently complex, because the effects on physiological responses are interactive. To date, no datasets exist for even a single species that could fully test the assumptions and implications of existing models of phytoplankton acclimation to multiple environmental stressors. The investigators will combine modeling analysis with laboratory experiments to investigate the combined influences of changes in pCO2, temperature, light, and nitrate availability on phytoplankton growth using cultures of open ocean and coastal diatom strains (Thalassiosira pseudonana) and an open ocean cyanobacteria species (Synechococcus sp.). The planned experiments represent ideal case studies of the complex and interactive effects of environmental conditions on organisms, and results will provide the basis for predictive modeling of the response of phytoplankton taxa to multiple environmental stresses.</p>
Stressors on Marine Phytoplankton
largerWorkCitation
project
eng; USA
biota
oceans
2019-07-01
2019-08-31
0
BCO-DMO catalogue of parameters from Series 4A: Multiple stressor experiments on Synechococcus elongatus (CCMP1629) – Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC)
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807377.rdf
Name: CO2
Units: parts per million (ppm)
Description: Indicates the concentration of CO2 in the CO2-Air mix that was bubbled through the samples over the course of the experiment
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807378.rdf
Name: Temperature
Units: degrees Celsius
Description: Indicates the temperature at which the samples were incubated.
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807379.rdf
Name: Irradiance
Units: micromol photons/meter^2/second
Description: Indicates the irradiance at which the samples were incubated: SOI = sub-optimum irradiance intensity of 50 umol photons · m-2 · s-1; OI = optimum irradiance intensity of 230 umol photons · m-2 · s-1; and EI = extreme irradiance intensity of 600 umol photons · m-2 · s-1.
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807380.rdf
Name: Tube
Units: unitless
Description: Indicates the tube number in the multicultivator. The tube numbers indicate replication within a treatment: T1-T3 = suboptimum irradiance; T4-T5 = optimum irradiance; T6-T8 = extreme irradiance
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807381.rdf
Name: Phase
Units: unitless
Description: Indicates whether the sample was collected during the acclimation phase or the experiment phase of the experiment.
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807382.rdf
Name: Day
Units: day
Description: Indicates the timepoint (day) of sampling. 0 = day 0; 1 = day 1; etc.
http://lod.bco-dmo.org/id/dataset-parameter/807383.rdf
Name: DIC
Units: micromole/kilogram
Description: Dissolved inorganic carbon concentration in each sample
GB/NERC/BODC > British Oceanographic Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/807010/data/download
download
onLine
dataset
<p>The experiments were designed to test the combined effects of two CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations, four temperatures, and three light intensities on growth and photophysiology of the cyanobacterium <em>Synechococcus elongatus</em> CCMP1629 in a multifactorial design. Two CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations were tested: 410 ppm, and 1000 ppm. For each CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, four temperatures were tested: 20°C, 28°C, 36°C, and 44°C. Within each temperature, three light levels were tested: sub-optimum irradiance (SOI) intensity of 50 umol photons · m<sup>-2</sup> · s<sup>-1</sup>, optimum irradiance (OI) intensity of 230 umol photons · m<sup>-2</sup> · s<sup>-1</sup> and extreme Irradiance (EI) intensity of 600 umol photons · m<sup>-2</sup> · s<sup>-1</sup>. All lights were set at a 12 h day: 12 h dark cycle. For logistical reasons, experiments were partially conducted in series, with all light treatments at all four temperatures running simultaneously. This was repeated for each CO<sub>2</sub> concentration.</p>
<p>Experiments were conducted in Multicultivator MC-1000 OD units (Photon Systems Instruments, Drasov, Czech Republic). Each unit consists of eight 85 ml test-tubes immersed in a thermostated water bath, each independently illuminated by an array of cool white LEDs set at specific intensity and timing. A 0.2um filtered CO<sub>2</sub>-air mix (Praxair Distribution Inc.) was bubbled through sterile artificial seawater, and the humidified gas mix was supplied to each tube via gentle sparging through a 2um stainless steel diffuser. Flow rates were gradually increased over the course of the incubation to compensate for the DIC uptake of actively growing cells, and ranged from &lt;0.04 Liters per minute (LPM) at the start of the incubations to 0.08 LPM in each tube after 2 days. For each CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature level, replication was achieved by incubating three tubes at sub-optimum light intensities, two tubes at optimum light intensity, and three tubes at extreme light intensities. Each experiment was split into two phases: An acclimation phase spanning 3 days, was used to acclimate cultures to their new environment. Pre-acclimated, exponentially-growing cultures were then inoculated into fresh media and incubated through a 3-day experimental phase during which assessments of growth, photophysiology, and nutrient cycling were carried out daily. All sampling started 5 hours into the daily light cycle to minimize effects of diurnal cycles.</p>
<p>Experiments were conducted with artificial seawater (ASW) prepared using previously described methods (Kester et. al 1967), and enriched with nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub>), and phosphate (PO<sub>4</sub>), at levels ensuring that the cultures would remain nutrient-replete over the course of the experiment. Trace metals and vitamins were added as in <em>f/2</em> (Guillard 1975). The expected DIC concentration, and pH of the growth media was determined for the different pCO<sub>2</sub> and temperatures using the CO2SYS calculator (Pierrot et al. 2006), with constants from Mehrbach et al. (1973, refit by Dickson &amp; Millero 1987), and inputs of temperature, salinity, total alkalinity (2376.5 umol · kg<sup>−1</sup>), pCO<sub>2</sub>, phosphate, and silicic acid. DIC levels in ASW at the start of each phase of the experiments were manipulated by the addition of NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, and was then maintained by bubbling a CO<sub>2</sub>-Air mix through the cultures over the course of the experiments. The pH of the growth media was measured spectrophometrically using the m-cresol purple method (Dickson 1993), and adjusted using 0.1N HCl or 0.1M NaOH. The media was distributed into 75 ml aliquots and each aliquot was inoculated with the <em>S. elongatus</em> CCMP 1629 (SE1629) stock culture at the start of the experiments.</p>
<p><strong>Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) measurements:</strong></p>
<p>DIC was measured in freshly prepared media, and at the end of the experiment phase. 25 ml of the sample was siphoned into clean glass serum vials, fixed with HgCL2 (0.035 % final conc. v/v), and sealed with butyl rubber septa. Samples were stored at 4°C until analyzed. Prior experiments had confirmed that no gas exchange, and/or change in DIC occurred during sample storage for up to 30 days using this method. Total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2) samples were analyzed using an automated infrared inorganic carbon analyzer (AIRICA).&nbsp; The AIRICA-23 (MARIANDA, Kiel, Germany), is a high precision instrument used to measure total dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater. The system uses a high precision syringe and a mass flow controller to deliver a known volume of sample into a stripper where it is then acidified, converting the inorganic carbon species into CO2 and delivered under constant flow to nondispersive infrared detector. The CO2 is then carried using an inert reference gas (N2) into a LICOR-7000 that measures pCO2 using the difference in infrared absorbance between a sample and reference cell. The pCO2 is recorded over time and integrated by the AIRICA software. This integrated value is proportional to the amount of dissolved inorganic carbon evolved from the sample and converted to carbon units using a conversion factor (CT Factor). The CT Factor is determined by calibration of the system against a certified reference material of known value (Dickson et al. 2007. Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements). The value is converted to gravimetric units (umol/kg) using the volume, temperature and salinity of the sample. In order to check for analytical stability of the system throughout a run, a certified reference material is used in between every 5 samples. Replicate DIC measurements were averaged.</p>
<p><strong>Problem Report:&nbsp;</strong><br />
Target pH calculations were accidentally made for 25°C, so that the actual carbonate system in temperature treatments other than 25°C were vastly different from target.</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
<p><strong>BCO-DMO Processing Notes:</strong><br />
- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date<br />
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions</p>
Specified by the Principal Investigator(s)
asNeeded
7.x-1.1
Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
Unavailable
508-289-2009
WHOI MS#36
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
info@bco-dmo.org
http://www.bco-dmo.org
Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm
For questions regarding this resource, please contact BCO-DMO via the email address provided.
pointOfContact
Multicultivator MC-1000 OD (Photon Systems Instruments, Drasov, Czech Republic)
Multicultivator MC-1000 OD (Photon Systems Instruments, Drasov, Czech Republic)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: Multicultivator MC-1000 OD (Photon Systems Instruments, Drasov, Czech Republic) PI Supplied Instrument Description:Used for incubation of TP1014 cultures. Instrument Name: Cell Cultivator Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: An instrument used for the purpose of culturing small cells such as algae or bacteria. May provide temperature and light control and bubbled gas introduction.
AIRICA-23 (MARIANDA, Kiel, Germany)
AIRICA-23 (MARIANDA, Kiel, Germany)
PI Supplied Instrument Name: AIRICA-23 (MARIANDA, Kiel, Germany) PI Supplied Instrument Description:An Automated infrared inorganic carbon analyzer (AIRICA) for analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon. Instrument Name: Inorganic Carbon Analyzers Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments measuring carbonate in sediments and inorganic carbon (including DIC) in the water column.
LICOR-7000
LICOR-7000
PI Supplied Instrument Name: LICOR-7000 PI Supplied Instrument Description:A CO2/H2O Analyzer for analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon. Instrument Name: Inorganic Carbon Analyzers Instrument Short Name: Instrument Description: Instruments measuring carbonate in sediments and inorganic carbon (including DIC) in the water column.